大学物理英文版没有幻灯片标题教程.pptVIP

Hence(所以）, the acceleration of particle is : (1-23) Using and ,the velocity can be expressed as（表示成）: Obviously（显然）, we have (1-24). A o It is easy to prove the rate of the tangential unit vector to be equal to t o t+?t ?? Prove: when , we have To summarize（总结）, we have and are called the tangential acceleration（切向加速度） and normal acceleration（法向加速度） respectively, and their magnitudes are given by Angle : Magnitude of : ? Changes the magnitude of the velocity; Changes the direction of the velocity. (2)Uniform circular motion (匀速) : In this case， the magnitude of velocity is a constant， that is which means that velocity changes only in direction. is usually called the centripetal acceleration（向心）. v v Therefore, we have 3.General curvilinear motion: (1-30) is the radius of curvature（曲率） at A and C is the center of curvature circle (曲率圆）. A small part of curvilinear path can be considered as a part of a circle as shown in the below figure. We have A C 4. Angular variables(角量） in circular motion ⑴ Angular position Position function Angular displacement ⑵ angular velocity angular acceleration ? －rad ? －rad.s-1 ? －rad.s-2 Units: 角速度： 角加速度： Relation between linear（线） angular variables： Counterclockwise(反时针）: positive direction Clockwise（顺时针） : negative direction Two directions: r 请同学自己推导！ 试根据： 的不同，讨论相应的运动。 For example: 匀加速直线运动 A C Example 1.9: The of a Particle is where ? and ? are constants. Find the tangential and normal accelerations at time t. Using , we have: 请同学完成 According to , can be obtained 请同学完成 Solution: 1.10 一质点沿半径为R 的圆周按 规律运动，V0, b 是正值常数。求：（1）t 时刻总加速度？（2）t 为何值时总加速度大小等于b？ 速度方向与圆周相切并指向前方， （2)由 得 讨论：运动的性质，过程，总加速度的方向如何？ 解：（1）已知运动轨道的问题，选用自然坐标系。 §1-6 Relative motion 1. Relative motion(相对运动） The values of the position, velocity acceleration of a object depend on（依赖） the frame of reference in which the quantities（量） are measured