吸烟的危害20130927.pptVIP

烟头火灾典型事故案例剖析（此处播放视频） 戒烟是长期的过程，但至少今天你得知道并且遵守： 1.在禁止吸烟区吸烟，造成消防隐患的，一次处罚100元，一月内同类行为违反两次升至留店察看处分； 2.禁止在酒店宿舍区域内吸烟，违者罚款200元，一月内同类行为违反两次辞退处分。 谢谢！ * * 戒烟难，难在烟草依赖是一种“慢性疾病”，既然是疾病，就必须用药物来治疗。 * * Key Point Nicotine addiction is a cycle which begins with nicotine binding to receptors in the brain causing the release of dopamine which in turn results in feelings of pleasure and calmness. Background The distribution of nicotine is very rapid. It can reach the brain within 10 to 20 seconds after inhaling cigarette smoke.1 The binding of nicotine to its relevant receptors results in the release of multiple neurotransmitters, most critically dopamine. The release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens neurons is thought to play a critical role in the addictive nature of nicotine. This release of dopamine requires binding of nicotine to ?4?2 receptors.1,2 Absorption of cigarette smoke from the lungs is rapid and complete, producing with each inhalation a high concentration of arterial nicotine that reaches the brain within 10 to 16 seconds. Nicotine has a terminal half-life in blood of 2 hours. Smokers therefore experience a pattern of repetitive and transient high blood nicotine concentrations from each cigarette. Nicotine’s activation of acetylcholinergic receptors induces the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. This is similar to the effect produced by other drugs of misuse, such as amphetamines and cocaine. The symptoms of nicotine withdrawal are a major barrier to smoking cessation. Smokers start to experience impairment of mood and performance within hours of their last cigarette. These effects are completely alleviated by smoking a cigarette. Withdrawal symptoms include irritability, restlessness, feeling miserable, impaired concentration, and increased appetite, as well as craving for cigarettes. Cravings, sometimes intense, can persist for many months. References Jarvis MJ. Why people smoke. BMJ. 2004;328:277-279. Picciotto MR, Zoli M, Changeux J. Use of kno