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1. Among the factors which affect educational imbalance in China, urban-rural difference and regional gap are most important. 在影响我国教育不平衡的因素中，城乡、地区因素最为重要。 2. As educational levels increase, urban-rural difference contributes more to the educational imbalance. 随着教育层次的提高，城乡因素影响教育的差异程度更明显。 3. Ethnic factor exerts significant influence on educational imbalance in middle school and high school than in other educational levels.民族因素在初中和高中阶段影响显著，在其他各学历层次影响程度较小。 4. Gender factor has least significant influence to educational imbalance.性别因素最为次要，性别差距总体而言改善较好。 * drerte 2、Higher Education Opportunities for Students from the Countryside 农村学生的高等教育机会 Figure 1 Change in the number of registered examinees for the college entrance exam in the countryside and in the cities between 1998 and 2006. 1998 - 2006年全国高考农村和城市考生报名数的变化 * drerte The statistics show that the percentage of rural freshmen in the colleges was 43.4% in 1989 and that the ratio of rural freshmen to urban freshmen was leveled in 2003, and then in 2005 the rural percentage reached 53%, overtaking that of the urban students. 我国高校农村新生的比例总体在逐步增高，从1989年的43.4%到2003年与城市生源比例持平，2005年已达53%。 How rural students are distributed throughout the higher education system 农村学生在高等教育系统中是如何分布的？ * drerte Figure 2 Percentage of freshmen at Beijing University whose origin is from and whose residence is in the countryside between 1978 and 1998 (%) 1978-1998年北京大学新生中农民出身和居住地为农村的新生比例 (%) 资料来源：刘云杉、王志明、杨晓芳《精英的选拔：身份、地域与资本的视角——跨入北京大学的农家子弟 (1978 - 2005)》，《清华大学教育研究》，2009年10月。 * drerte Percentage of Rural Students in Some Research Universities in China部分研究型大学农村新生比例的变化 1996 1999 2000 2002 2006 2007 2008 清华大学 18.8 17.6 北京大学 19.9 16.3 北京师范大学 29 22.3 南开大学 30 24 中国农业大学 39