人教版高中英语必修四课件：Unit 4 第四学时　Grammar.pptVIP

英语·必修4（人教版） 第四学时　Grammar Unit 4　Body language　　　　　 　　　　　 语 法 精 讲 动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语时可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 1．表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Hearing the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai. ＝When they heard the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai. 语 法 精 讲 听到这个消息，他们立即动身去上海。 Having turned off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons. ＝After turning off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons. 关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。 语 法 精 讲 2．表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Being ill，he didnt go to school yesterday. ＝Since he was ill，he didnt go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 Not knowing how to get there，I had to ask the way. ＝As I did not know how to get there，I had to ask the way. 因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。 语 法 精 讲 3．表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Working hard at your lessons，you will succeed. ＝If you work hard at your lessons，you will succeed. 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。 语 法 精 讲 4．表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time. ＝He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。 语 法 精 讲 5．表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Having failed for many times，they still didnt give up. ＝Although they had failed for many times，they still didnt give up. 尽管他们失败了很多次，他们还是不放弃。 语 法 精 讲 6．表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 The child fell，striking his head against the door and cutting it. 小孩摔了一跤，在门上碰破了头。 [注意] ①如果动词-ing形式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，用其一般式(doing)；如果先于谓语动词的动作发生，用其完成式(having done)。 语 法 精 讲 Seeing nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note. 由于看见家里没人，他决定给他们留一张便条。 Having finished his homework，he went fishing. 做完作业后，他就去钓鱼了。 ②是使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。 Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式) 语 法 精 讲 Having finished his homework，he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式) ③有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般说来”；judging by/from...“从 ……判断” ；o　consideration“总的说来”。 Generally speaking，adults know more than teenagers. 一般