Unit 1 Living we.ll知识讲解 不定式复习.docVIP

不定式复习 编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 概念引入 小结。 看下面句子： 2. Her ambition is to become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games. （作表语） 3. I have no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. （作定语） 4. Unfortunately, the doctors don’t know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. （作宾语） 5. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. （作主语） 这些句子中斜体词部分是动词 用法讲解 概述 1. 特点： 1）三大非谓语动词之一，另两个是动词-ing形式和过去分词； 2）有动词特征：有时态和语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语； 3）有名词、形容词和副词的特征：可以在句中作除了谓语以外的所有成分。 2. 不定式的逻辑主语 1）不定式有自己的逻辑主语时，常用for sb. to do sth.，称为不定式的复合结构。 It is essential for a person to stay happy every day. 一个人每天保持心情愉快是非常重要的。 I usually get up early in the morning in order for my children to go to school on time. 为了让孩子按时上学，我通常早晨早起。 2）在下面描述逻辑主语性质、身份、特征的形容词后常用of引导不定式的逻辑主语： good, kind, cruel, brave, honest, lazy, (un)selfish, wise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, rude, (im)polite, careful, careless等。 It was careless of you to leave things about. 你太粗心了，把东西到处乱扔。 小窍门：如果逻辑主语和形容词可以写成“sb.+ be+形容词”，一般就用of。如上面例句可以说You are careless...，所以用of。 3. “疑问词+不定式”结构 此结构相当于名词，常作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。 How to get help remains the essential problem. 如何才能获得帮助依然是一个核心问题。 The question is how to educate the young generation. 问题是如何教育年轻的一代。 的时态、语态 不定式的时态、语态 1. 不定式时态： 式 to do/ to be done)：I asked him to attend the meeting. 我请他参加会议。 （to attend the meeting 动作发生在asked 后) 2）进行式（to be doing）：强调动作正在进行，或与谓语动词动作同时发生。 He seems to be reading English poems. 他似乎正在读英语诗。 （seem 和read 同时发生, 强调动作正在进行） 3）完成式（ to have done/ to have been done）He is said to have translated the book into English last year. 据说他去年已经把这本书译成了英语。（translate the book 发生在be said 之前） 4）完成进行式（to have been doing）：表示在谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作。 Her son is known to have been studying abroad for a while. 我们知道她儿子曾在国外学习了一段时间。（study abroad 在is known之前一直进行） 2. 不定式的语态： 不定式的功能：作主语、表语 To finish this report took him a week. 完成这个报告花了他一周的时间。 It is possible to live an independe