土木工程英语高级水平UnitTyesandFunctionoffoundation.pptVIP

Lesson Plan Review New Words and Phrases Reading and Translating—Unit Ten Classroom Exercises Classroom Exercises An efficient analyst must thus be in command of the rigorous methods of analysis, must be able to reduce these to shortcut methods by appropriate assumptions, and must be aware of available design and analysis aids, as well as simplifications permitted by applicable building codes. An up-to-date analyst must likewise be versed in the bases of matrix structural analysis and its use in digital computers as well as in the use of available analysis programs or software. 有能力的分析人员必须掌握严密的分析方法，必须能够通过适当的假设条件进行简化分析，必须了解可利用的标准设计和分析手段以及建筑规范中允许的简化方法。同时， 现代的分析人员必须精通结构矩阵分析的基本原理及其在数字计算机中的应用，会应用现有的分析程序及有关软件。 Unit Ten Types and Function of foundation 单 元 10基础的形式和功能 The purpose of a foundation is to carry the load of a structure and spread it over a greater area, evenly and without undue settlement, to the ground beneath. The purpose of a foundation is to carry the load of a structure and spread it over a greater area, evenly and without undue settlement, to the ground beneath. 基础的作用是承受结构的荷载，并将其均匀地向更大更深的范围传递，避免过度的沉降。 The size and type of foundation depends on the nature of the ground and the load carried by it. The bearing capacity of a soil means the maximum load per unit area (usually in terms of KN/M2) which the ground will safely support. The size and type of foundation depends on the nature of the ground and the load carried by it. The bearing capacity of a soil means the maximum load per unit area (usually in terms of KN/M2) which the ground will safely support. 基础的尺寸和类型取决于：地基的土质情况（地耐力），地基所承受的荷载（上部力）。土体的承载力（地耐力）即是单位面积上地基所能安全承受的最大荷载（通常表示为 KN/M2 ）。 All soils compress noticeably when loaded and cause the supported structure to settle. The two essential requirements in the design of foundations are that the total settlement of the structure shall b