生物学积极性补强教学.pdfVIP

生物學積極性補強教學 黃建福（ Jian-Fu Huang ） Mail .tw FB ：/s87xb312 Lab 511 （水域生態研究室） Chapter 1 Biology and Its Themes Evolution （演化） Evolutionis the process of change that has transformed life on Earth. 地球上的生物隨著時間之改變而改變的過程。 生命的特質 Reproduction （生殖） Organisms (living things) reproduce their own kind. 生物繁殖自己同類的新個體的過程。 Growth and development （生長與發育） Inherited information carried by genes controls the pattern of growth and development of organisms. 透過基因進行遺傳訊息的控制生物生長的模式和發育。 Development ：某一種生物之身體之所有逐漸變化的總和。 Energy processing （能量加工） This hummingbird (蜂鳥 ) obtains fuel in the form of nectar from flowers. The hummingbird will use chemical energy stored in its food to power flight and other work. 蜂鳥會從花蜜來獲得能量。使用儲存在食物中的化學能來飛行 等工作。 Regulation （調控） The regulation of blood flow through the blood vessels of this jackrabbit’s （長耳大野兔）ears helps maintain a constant body temperature by adjusting heat exchange with the surrounding air. 血液流通長耳大野兔耳朵的血管，透過與周圍空氣進行熱交換 ，有助於維持體溫的恆定。 Order （秩序） This close-up of a sunflower illustrates the highly ordered structure that characterizes life. 生命的特徵：具高度有秩序的結構。 Evolutionary adaptation （演化適應） The appearance of this pygmy sea horse （侏儒海馬）camouflages the animal in its environment. Such adaptations evolve over many generations by the reproductive success of those individuals with heritable traits that are best suited to their environments. 侏儒海馬的外觀可偽裝在周圍環境中。 經過多世代的環境遺傳性狀調整改變， 最後將與適合生存的個體繁殖成功。 Response to the environment （環境反應） This venus flytrap (捕蠅草) closed its trap rapidly in response to the environmental stimulus of a damselfly landing on the open trap. 捕蠅草受到周遭環境的刺激而有開合閉鎖的運動，圖中為捕蠅 草補食蜻蜓的過程。 Requirements to Sustain Life （維持生命基本要件） 陽光（sunlight ） 空氣（air ） 水（ water ）