大学英语语法第27课教学教材.pptx

第27讲 陈述句（Statement）、疑问句（Question）、祈使句（Command）、感叹句（Exclamation）（P310）陈述句（Statement） Affirmative Statement（肯定陈述句）Negative Statement（否定陈述句）疑问句（Question）一般疑问句（General Questions/Yes-noQuestions）特殊疑问句（Special Questions/ Wh-questions)选择疑问句（Alternative Questions） 附加疑问句（Tag Questions）Affirmative Statement1.委婉语气（Mild Tone)：达到更有礼貌，说话留有余地的目的。例：I’m afraid, if I’m not mistaken, I think，I suppose，I guess，I suspect，if I might say so，if you please，if you don’t mind Eg): Teaching 16 hours a week, I’m afraid, is too much for me.2.强调语气（Positive Tone）：达到加强肯定的目的。（1）增加强调词（Emphasizer）：indeed，really，definitely，certainly, for sure, without any question, without doubt, undoutedly, virtually, surely, actuallyEg): (1)Many people will certainly lose their jobs. (2)Without any question, his new novel will be the best-seller for 2010.（2）增添强调附加结构（Reinforcement Tag）Eg): 1.That was a trap, that was. 2.You’ve gone mad, you have.（3）采用双重否定（Double Negative）Eg):1. That kind of result is not impossible(= quite possible) 2.She went to that place not infrequently.(=quite frequently)（4）用修辞疑问句（Rhetorical Question)——形式上为疑问句实际为陈述句的强调句式。(1)Isn’t it lovely weather today?= The weather is very lovely indeed.(否定形式相当于受强调的肯定陈述句）(2)Who cares where you slept?= Nobody cares where you slept.(肯定形式相当于受强调的否定陈述句）Negative Statement1.否定形式:（1）主语+操作词的缩略形式+not 操作词+not的缩略形式n’t. （2）除not以外用其他否定词构成否定句Eg):1. No honest man would lie= An honest man would not lie 2. He is no longer there= He is not there any longer 3.She saw neither of the twin brothers.= She didn’t see either of the twin brothers.2.加强否定（Strengthen Negative Mood）（1）否定词移动引起倒装(The Invertion of Negative Word)1.On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals.2.Never have I smoked a cigarette.（2）not one/not a （single）+单数名词1.Not one door was left unlocked.2.Not a single sound was heard.（3）固定搭配 (1) I didn’t sleep a wink all night. (2) He won’t fit /raise/stir a finger to help us.（4）重复否定词never或者用never in （all）my life (1) I’ve never in my life heard of such a thin