英汉互译方法技巧.ppt

英 汉 互 译 技 巧;翻译的性质;英汉两种语言的宏观对比;2被动与主动(passive vs. active) 英语多用被动语态，汉语多用主动语态。 A few years ago it was thought unusual that programs could ever be called up by viewers to be displayed on their TV screens at home. 几年前人们还以为，观众居然能够打电话要求在自己家里的电视屏幕上播出节目是一种稀罕的事情。 Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store energy is termed capacitance. It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，其储存电能的能力称为电容。电容的测量单位是法拉。;3复杂与简单(complex vs. simplex) 英语句子长而复杂，汉语句子短而简练。 Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quality of the natural product can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or, more often, because the physical properties of the synthetic substance, which is the common name for man-made materials, have been chosen, and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be applied. 人造材料通称为合成材料。许多人造材料正在代替某些天然材料，这或者是由于天然物产的数量不能满足日益增长的需要，或者是由于人们选择了合成材料的一些物理性质并加以突出而造成的。因此，合成材料在其应用领域将具有极大的用途。 ;4 物称与人称(impersonal vs. personal) 英语多用非人称代词作主语，汉语多用人称代词作主语。 What has happened to you?你出了什么事儿啦？ An idea suddenly struck me.我突然想到一个主意。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时感到一种特别的安宁。 Not a sound reached our ears. 我们没有听到任何声音。 A great elation overcame them.他们欣喜若狂。 The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上，听不见一点脚步声。 Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我兴奋得说不出话来。 The truth finally dawned on her.她最终明白了真相。;5 抽象与具体(abstract vs. concrete) 表达同样的想法，英语多用抽象概念，汉语多用具体措辞。 The absence of intelligence is an indication of satisfactory developments. 没有消息即表明有令人满意的进展。 A high degree of carelessness, pre-operative and post-operative, on the part of some of the hospital staff, took place 医院某些医护人员在手术前后都非常担心。 ;6 间接与直接(indirect vs. direct) 英语多用间接肯定、否定，汉语多用直接肯定、否定。 I couldn’t feel better.我觉得身体好极了。 I couldn’t agree