六级翻译题12.docVIP

《中外文化对比与实务翻译》考试范围 1.汉字（Chinese characters）是世界上最古老的文字之一，也是使用者最多的文字。汉字多达6万个，但常用的基本汉字只有6000个左右。据权威专家估计，汉字有5000多年的历史，最初源于记录事情的图片。从古到今，从甲骨文（Jiaguwen）到我们今天书写用的楷体（Kaiti），汉字的形成和结构发生了很大改变。历史上，汉字被朝鲜、日本、越南等国借鉴，因此也促进了国际交流。在现代，中国人民用各种方法将汉字输入电脑，进行信息处理。事实证明，汉字充满了生机与活力。 The Chinese characters are one of the oldest characters in the world, and are used by the most users. Chinese characters are up to 60,000, but only about 6,000 basic ones are often used. As authorities estimate, Chinese characters have a history of over 5,000 years, and they originate from pictures for keeping records. From ancient to modern times, the forms and structures of Chinese characters have changed much, evolving from Jiaguwen (oracle bone script), to Kaiti (regular script) we use now. In history, Chinese characters were borrowed by Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, thereby improving international communication. In modern times, Chinese people have by many means solved the problem of inputting Chinese characters into computers to serve information processing. It has been borne out that Chinese characters are full of vigor and vitality. 2.书法（Calligraphy）是中国文化的精髓。书法在中国随处可见，与日常生活紧密相连。书法作品能装点客厅、书房和卧室。它是将汉字写在吸水性良好的宣纸（Xuan paper）上，然后将作品贴在一块镶有丝绸边的厚纸上，安上卷轴（scroll）或用画框装裱起来挂在墙上。书法作品通常是一首诗、一幅对联或主人很喜欢的座右铭。主人亲自书写的作品将体现他的愿望、兴趣以及文学或艺术才华。一幅书法作品可以给自己白色的墙壁增添活力，为宾客友人带来快乐。 Calligraphy is the essence of Chinese culture. It can be found everywhere in China, and is closely linked to daily life. Calligraphic works decorate sitting rooms, studies and bedrooms. The Chinese characters are written on Xuan paper which is good at absorbing ink. The work will be pasted on a piece of thick paper with a silk edge, and them mounted on a scroll or put into a picture frame for hanging on the wall. Usually, a calligraphic work contains a poem, a pair of couplets or a motto the owner likes very much. If the calligraphic work is written by the owner himself, it will demonstrate his wish and interest as well as his literary or artistic t