美国环保署关于生物反应器垃圾填埋场的介绍.pdfVIP

生物反应器 — 垃圾填埋场 US EPA Wastes - Non-Hazardous Waste - Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Bioreactors Bioreactors Key Topics 1. What is a Bioreactor Landfill? 2. Features Unique to Bioreactor Landfills 3. Potential Advantages of Bioreactor Landfills 4. Special Considerations of Bioreactor Landfills 5. Current EPA Bioreactor Research 6. Bioreactor Projects within EPA o Project XL Bioreactor Landfill Pilots o EPA State-of-the-Practice Bioreactor Landfill Study o Cooperative Research with Waste Management using a CRADA o Bioreactor Performance Report 7. Additional Bioreactor Projects and Information 1. What is a Bioreactor Landfill? A bioreactor landfill operates to rapidly transform and degrade organic waste. The increase in waste degradation and stabilization is accomplished through the addition of liquid and air to enhance microbial processes. This bioreactor concept differs from the traditional “dry tomb” municipal landfill approach. A bioreactor landfill is not just a single design and will correspond to the operational process invoked. There are three different general types of bioreactor landfill configurations: Aerobic - In an aerobic bioreactor landfill, leachate is removed from the bottom layer, piped to liquids storage tanks, and re-circulated into the landfill in a controlled manner. Air is injected into the waste mass, using vertical or horizontal wells, to promote aerobic activity and accelerate waste stabilization. Anaerobic - In an anaerobic bioreactor landfill, moisture is added to the waste mass in the form of re-circulated leachate and other sources to obtain optimal moisture levels. Biodegradation occurs in the absence of oxygen (anaerobically) and produces landfill gas. Landfill gas, primarily methane, can be captured to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and for energy projects. Hybrid (Aerobic-Ana