02航向稳定性和回转性 邱磊.pptVIP

《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 漂角和枢心点(Drift angles and dynamic pivot point) 定常回转条件下漂角沿船舶纵中线是变化的：外漂，在船尾处达到最大，向船首部递减，在动枢心点处为零；然后是内漂，向船首逐渐增大(A ship in steady turn conditions develops outward drift angles along its centreline that is greatest at the stern, steadily decrease to zero at the dynamic pivot point, then turns inward and increases towards the bow) 枢心点前移的结果是在船舶中部区域产生了一个净外漂角(The forward position of the pivot point produces a net outward drift angle at the centre of gravity in the midship region) 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 静枢心点(Static pivot point) 静枢心点为船舶初始旋转围绕的点(The static pivot point is the point about which the ship starts to rotate). 这时只有船尾的舵力使在水中静止不动的船舶开始旋转(At that time, there is a single force at the stern that acts on the rudder to swing a ship that is stopped in water) 船舶仍然不动，舵力矩使船尾开始旋转起来(Thus, the ship is stationary, but helm is used to generate momentary swings of the stern by giving short bursts of ahead thrust against the rudder, for example when manoeuvring a ship alongside) 当船舶绕静枢心点开始旋转时(When the ship starts to rotate about its static pivot point): 横向速度增加时重心外移一定距离(its centre of gravity will move a certain distance outward as it increases its outward lateral velocity) 然后船舶绕另一个枢心点旋转(then the ship appears to rotate around another pivot point) 这就是动枢心点(This is dynamic pivot point)! 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 静枢心点的位置(Location of the static pivot point) 静枢心点的位置取决于(The location of the static Pivot point depends on) 惯性矩(the moment of inertia) 决定于船舶质量的分布(determined by the ships mass distribution) 舵力臂(the rudder leverage) determined by the distance between the rudder and the centre gravity 影响船舶惯性矩和舵力臂最重要的因素是方形系数The most important factor affecting the moment of inertia and the rudder leverage is the block coefficient (CB) 纵倾对惯性矩和舵力臂也有影响(However, trim also affects the moment of inertia and the rudder leverage) 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 航向稳定性分析 可见，航向稳定性条件可归结为： 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 水动力导数分析 较大的负值 不定符号的小量 图2-3 当具有横向加速度扰动时 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 不定符号的小量 较大的负值 图2-4 当具有回转加速度扰动时 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 受侧向扰动速度v作用时 较大的负值 不很大的负值 图2-5 《船舶操纵性与耐波性》课件 由