英语句子结构专项.docxVIP

句子成分句子成分（句子的组成成分）句子成分由词或词组充当，现代汉语有六种：主谓宾定状补，英语中基本成分有七种：主谓表宾定状补。五种基本句型：一： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）1）S-V句型，其基本意义“某人或某物”做了“某一行为”其中动词为不及物动词。 Birds sing , Not all birds sing beautiful, some birds sing more beautifully than others. Birds that look beautiful may not sing beautifully. All up and down the whole Creation ,Sadly I roam. ----“old Folks at Home”这一句型注意有些不及物动词在一定情况下，需带一个状语，意义才完整。John went away. John went to school .#Great changes have taken place . (S-O)不能误以为SVO.还有take effect (生效) take shape(成型) give away (让步)，follow suit(仿效)例句：The moon rose , The universe remains. The pen writes smoothly,. What he said does not matter. 2)S-V-P句型，谓语动词基本上表示“是”的意义的连系动词（link verb 句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫连系动词）,以动词be为代表 ：而表语有“名词性“和”形容词性”两种，前者表示主语“是什么”，由名词性词组或起名词性作用的其他词组构成，后者表示主语“是怎样的”，由形容词性词组或起形容词词组作用的其他词组作用构成。1 ，名词性表语 Birds are flying animals. My hobby is not collecting stamps ,but collecting coins . Our plan is to visit the Egyptian Pyramids next month .2,形容词性表语 The story about Robinson Crusoe is certainly very interesting . What we have seen here is certainly of great significance. 其中连系动词有四类！be mean表示是的意思 China is a great country , UFO means Unidentified Flying Object.!!grow get turn 等，The weather will soon turn cold .!!!表示“仍然是”remain keep stay 等.China no longer remains weak and poor . The weather will keep fine for at least a week.!!!!”显得是”appear seem look 等， After the long journey ,everybody appeared tired. You look pale ,Is there anything wrong with you ?例句：He died poor. Granny is in good health. He fall in love . He is growing tall and strong .3）S-V-O句型，基本句型意义：“-某人或某物对另一某人或某物”做了“某一行为”其中谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须有一个宾语，即动词的承受者，才能使意思完整，这类动词叫及物动词。We study English . China has a history of more than 5000years.Don’t you even know who James Watt was?I don’t want to go swimming alone .All of us enjoy reading Charles Dicken’s A Tale of two Cit