专业英语40-44.docVIP

40. Programmable Controllers Vocabulary: archaically [???????????] 古老的, 古代的，旧式的 albeit [?????????] 虽然 unsophisticated [?????????????????] 单纯的, 纯洁的，简单的 arise [??????] 出现, 发生 come on the scene 出现 retention [?????????] 保持，保留 psychologically [????????????????] 心理上地, 心理学地 versed [?????] 精通的 binary [????????] 二进位的, 二元的 switch [?????] 转换, 转变 relay [???????] 继电器 transistor [??????????] 晶体管 fluidics [?????????] 射流技术 sheer [???] 纯粹的, 绝对的 bulk [????] 大小, 体积 profligate [??????????] 肆意挥霍的 facility [?????????] 设备, 工具 readily [???????] 容易地 integral [?????????] 部分 plug [????] 插头nteraction [????????????] 交互作用 keypad [???????] 袖珍键盘 emit [?????] 发出, 放射 diode [???????] 二极管 robust [???????] 坚固的, 耐用的 interference [?????????????] 干扰 ladder [?????] 梯子 Boolean [???????] 布尔数学体系的 proprietary [?????????????] 专用的，专利的 instruction [???????????] 指令说明 manual [????????] 手册, 指南 individual [?????????????] 个别的, 单独的 consult [????????] 查阅，参考, 考虑 interpreter [???????????] 解释程序 execution [?????????????] 实行, 完成, 执行 subject [?????????] 课题，问题，主题 Text: 1. General description Modern programmable controllers are no more than microcomputers used for control propose. The use of the name “programmable controller” (PC), or more archaically, “programmable logic controller” (PLC), arises because programmable controllers, albeit very unsophisticated logic devices, were available before the microcomputer came on the scene. The retention of the name is more acceptable psychologically to engineers already versed in logic control. Previous devices used binary switching, just as microcomputers do. They incorporated such components as relays, solid state (transistor) switches or fluidics (airflow logic). They were programmed to use the minimum number of components. Their performance was limited by speed of operation, sheer bulk and cost of components. A microprocessor may contain 100,000 switches. Memory for programs is inexpensive and plentiful.The limitations of the earlier programmable controllers, therefore, disappear.Pr