最新基于PIC单片机电动机智能软起动控制器毕业设计.doc

SHANDONGＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ 毕业设计说明书 基于PIC单片机电动机智能软起动控制器设计 学 院：电气与电子工程学院 专 业： 自动化 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导教师： 2012 年 6 月 摘要 本设计是一个电动机软启动控制系统，对电动机的启动进行控制，使大容量电动机的启动电压从某一值逐步升高，以减少电动机的启动电流，从而保护电机和周边的用电设备。 在大型电动机的启动过程中，往往会存在很大的冲击电流，污染电网，损坏电机绕组。针对此，需要对大中型异步电机在启动时的冲击电流问题及各类降压启动的方式进行分析研究。引出启动装置软启动器的原理、功能和特点，以及针对软启动出现的问题提出改进意见和观点，对于完善软启动器在控制功能和普及应用起到探讨作用。 由于现代技术快速的发展，智能方式的软启动器得到人们广泛应用。智能的软起动器是一种用来控制异步电动机的新设备，集电机软启动、软停车轻载节能多种保护功能电机控制装置，国外称为Soft Starter设计的电机软动控制器是专为中高压三相交流电机降低动电流而它在大功率电机动过程中通过控制电机的电流,避免直接动中动电流和冲击力对电机自身、电机负载、电网以及同电网其他设备造成的影响和损害提高电网的工作效率从而达到动和保护设备的作用。The design is an electric motor soft start control systems, control the motor starting, the start of large-capacity motor voltage is gradually increased from a value, in order to reduce the starting current of the motor, thereby protecting the motor and the surrounding electrical equipment. Large motor starting process, often there will be a great impact on current, the grid of pollution, damage to the motor windings. For this, the need for large and medium-sized induction motor during start-up the impact of current problems and various buck starts were analyzed. Leads to the boot device soft-start principle, functions and features, as well as for the soft-start problems and suggest improvements and point of view, to explore the role play to improve the soft-start control functions and wider application of. Due to the rapid development of modern technology, the soft-start of the smart way people widely used. Intelligent soft starter is used to control asynchronous motors of the new equipment, which integrates the electric machine soft start, soft stop and light-load energy-saving, there are a variety of protection functions with the motor control device, it said in a foreign country the Soft the Starter. It is not only in the entire starting process no impact on the smooth start the motor, and can be adjusted according to the characteristics of motor loads