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音乐美学_meyer
Music, Culture and Ideas 音樂, 文化與觀念 What is a good music? Leonard B. Meyer麥爾, Music, the Arts, and Ideas, chapter two (Some Remarks on Value and Greatness in Music 關於音樂的價值與偉大) What makes music great? What makes music great? In grappling with these perplexing problems I have changed my mind many times, testing first this view then that; finding this objection then another to what I thought at first to be tenable positions. Nor have I as yet arrived at any fixed opinions or final conclusions. What makes music great? What makes music great? is one that anyone deeply concerned with his art must attempt at least to answer. We cannot nor can they for all their rationalizations-really escape from the problem of value. This is true in two senses. We are in fact continually making value judgments both for ourselves and others. I must choose between works, exercising value judgments. The second reason - a system or ordering of values is implicit in his account of how and what art communicates. Indeed, as soon as we say it communicates, we introduce values into the discussion. At one time I subscribed to I. A. Richards statement that the two pillars upon which a theory of criticism must rest are an account of value and an account of communication” 一首好的音樂作品 Good Work 小星星 Bach: B minor Mass 風格、統一性、多變化 兩首賦格曲的主題 Both begin on the fifth degree of the scale, move to the tonic skip an octave, creates a structural gap, a sense of incompleteness. We expect that the empty space thus outlined will be filled-in, made complete. This melodic incompleteness is complemented by the rhythmic instability of this first musical shape. That is, the first separable musical events in both themes are up-beats which are oriented toward the stability of down-beats. Both In a sense the structural gap and the rhythmic up-beats have established musical goals to be reached. We expect the melodic line to descend and ultimately to come to rest on the tonic note, reaching a clear organizing accent in
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