governmentalinstitutions政府机构英美文化.pptVIP

The Society and Culture of UK and USan introduction Lecturers: Yao, Xiangque Qiu, Yi Xu, Lin Li, Yinghua Major topics The American system and institutions Political behavior Civil liberties and civil rights The 1960s The United States of America Some basic facts Beginnings 2 long-continuing immigration movements Emerging new forces in Europe: development of capitalism Renaissance Religious Reformation English settlements Seven Years’ War American Revolution The American system and institutions American democracy The Constitution Federalism National governmental institutions American Democracycore values Popular consent Equality Popular sovereignty Majority rule and minority rights Individualism The Constitution The Articles of Confederation The US Constitutionbasic principles federalism separation of powers checks and balances the supremacy clause Federalism Federal, unitary and confederal systems The federal system plan of government in which power is divided bet. the national government and the state governments and in which independent states are bound together under one national government. Sharing of functions: three-layer cake? Marble cake? Federalism (conti.) A point of history early pronouncements on federalism : McCulloch V. Maryland (1819) Gibbons V. Ogden (1824) dual federalism the Civil War and beyond cooperative federalism creative federalism new federalism the devolution revolution Separation of powers Checks and Balances Separation of powers checks and balances National Governmental Institutions The presidency and the bureaucracy Congress The judiciary Legislative branch: Congress Created by Article 1of Constitution A bicameral legislature: two-house legislature Member