ORACLE培训资料Less04.pptVIP

Database Interfaces Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Use SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus to access the Oracle Database 10g Describe the logical structure of tables Use SQL to query, manipulate, and define data Identify common database interfaces What Is SQL? SQL provides statements for a variety of tasks, including: Querying data Inserting, updating, and deleting rows in a table Creating, replacing, altering, and dropping objects Controlling access to the database and its objects SQL unifies all of the preceding tasks in one consistent language. Using SQL There are several tools for interfacing with the database using SQL: Oracle SQL*Plus and iSQL*Plus Oracle Forms, Reports, and Discoverer Oracle Enterprise Manager Third-party tools Enterprise Manager: Seeing the SQL What Is SQL*Plus? Command-line tool Used interactively or in batch mode What Is iSQL*Plus? What Is iSQL*Plus?Full Notes Page Using iSQL*Plus Describing Data Querying Data The SELECT has three basic parts: The SELECT List The FROM clause The WHERE condition (optional) Sorting the Data Joining Tables Getting data from more than one table Joining TablesFull Notes Page Manipulating Data Defining Data Overview of Transactions Transaction 1 Transaction Control Statements Locking Data Oracle Database 10g automatically locks data so that only one user can make changes at a time. Other Statement Categories Session control statements: Manage the properties of a user session System control statement: Manages the properties of an Oracle instance Embedded SQL statements: SQL statements within a procedural language program What Is PL/SQL? PL/SQL is a block-structured language, which extends SQL with: Declarations: Variables Constants Cursors Control structures: Conditional control Iterative control Sequential control Error handling Example PL/SQL Block Uses of PL/SQL Blocks of PL/SQL are used in: Anonymous blocks Functions Procedures Packages Triggers Object types What