页岩矿物组成和微裂隙特征毕业论文.docx

分类号密级中国地质大学（北京）本科毕业论文题目四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩矿物组成和微裂隙特征英文题目 Characteristics of mineralogy and cracks in Shale of Longmaxi Formation inJiaoshibainSichuang Basin学生姓名院（系）地球科学与资源学院专业地质学（基地班）学号指导教师职称研究员/教授2015年5月摘要本文选取来自四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组的页岩样品，通过氩离子抛光扫描电镜技术、X射线粉晶衍射技术（XRD）和偏光显微镜的帮助，对其矿物学特征和微裂隙特征进行观察。研究发现，龙马溪组页岩石英含量较高，其脆性指数与美国Barnett和Bakken页岩相近，具有较好的压裂潜力；页岩中黄铁矿含量较高，在开发过程中有可能产生酸性岩石废水（acid mine drainage）。页岩中观察到的孔隙主要是有机质孔和草莓状黄铁矿的粒间孔。除此之外，页岩中含有未充填裂缝和受充填裂缝，前者宽度普遍比后者小，后者较前者更平直，并岩层理展布。页岩中微裂隙主要分布在有机质与粘土矿物的接触带，沿有机质延伸方向展布，缝宽主要分布在40nm以内，也有部分较大的微裂隙，但未发现宽度超过100nm的微裂隙。另外，可观察到一定数量的沿白云石、方解石颗粒边缘展布的溶蚀缝，缝宽不均。关键词：页岩；矿物特征；微裂隙ABSTRACTThe shale samples in this article are from Jiaoshiba in the Sichuan Basin. With the help of microscope , Ar-ion-milling technology and FESEM and XRD, the characteristics of menology and cracks are observed. According to the research, the percentage of quartz is high and the brittleness index ofshale of Longmaxi Formation is similar to that of Barnett shale and Bakken shale, which implies a potential of fracture. The amount of pyrite in the shale is so rich that it might generate acid mine drainage during exploitation. There areintraparticle poresof pyrite framboids and organopores in the shale.The width of micro-fracture that isn’t filled is smaller than that of the filled micro-fracture in the shale, while the latter is more straight and spread along the stratification. The cracks are mainly distributed in the contact zone of organic matter and clay mineral, along the extension direction of distribution, organic matter seam are mainly distributed within 40 nm wide, there are also part of the larger microcracks, but havent found more than 100 nm width of that. In addition, some cracks developing along the edge ofdolomite and calcite can be observed, whose width is uneven.Key words: shale; mineralogy; cracks目 录1 绪论11.1 选题背景与意义11.2 研究现状11.2.1 美国对含气页岩的研究进展11.2.2 国内对含气页岩的研究现状21.3 研究内容21.3.1 资料调研21.3.2 矿物学特征研究21.3.3 储集特征研究21.4 技术路线及主要工作量31.4.1 技术路线31.4.2 主要工作量32 四川盆