新型在线自除污换热装置研究-供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程专业论文.docx

哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 Abs Abstract - - PAGE VIII - - - III - 术分析确定了在线自清洗除污换热装置冲洗方案；设计加工小型样机，实验研究 其除污效果及可靠性；实验结果表明样机机械性能良好，以 5m/s 冲洗流速，以 10 小时为冲洗周期，轮流冲洗换热管 1 分钟，可保证一个采暖期内换热样机的污垢 阻抗和污垢热阻平均降低率均在 70%以上。 开发在线拉环式自除污换热装置，阐述其原理、结构及运行方式；设计加工 在线拉环式自除污换热样机，实验研究其除污效果及机械性能；实验结果表明， 样机运行稳定可靠，以 10 小时为除垢周期，每次启动刮环 10 分钟，可保证一个 采暖期内换热器的污垢阻抗和污垢热阻平均降低率均在 82%以上。 本文来源于非清洁水源热泵系统实际工程中遇到的实际问题，也是国家自然 科学基金项目（编号的重要内容之一。换热设备的使用范围极广， 故本文的研究成果对促进电力、化工、机械等行业节能降耗，提高经济效益也具 有实用价值。 关键词：污水换热器；污垢特性；在线除垢；除污效果；实验研究。 Abstract With the serious issues about energy and environment increasingly, “saving energy and reducing emission” has become the one of important policy of many countries of world. And as cold or heat source for heat pumps, un-treated urban sewage is a good source of renewable and clean energy, which has many advantages such as moderate temperature, great amount and abroad distributing etc. But the jam-up and contamination problem of heat-exchanger or pipelines is very serious. At present, we only remove fouling by manpower termly or aperiodically and counteract affect of dirt by increasing heat-exchange area, which will enhance investment and maintenance of system. Empoldering automatic removing fouling technology on-line is the research object of this dissertation. Two heat exchangers of removing fouling on-line have been invented in this paper, which are been designed in allusion to characteristic of configuration and fouling of sewage heat exchanger. The main contents of this paper are as follows: Combining with experiment, expatiate characteristic of fouling in sewage heat exchanger from configuration, component, form process, effect factors and shedding mechanism, and discuss the feasible way of removing-fouling. Establishing test-table of flow and heat exchange of urban sewage, in which the experiments on effect of removing fouling of single tube or the whole heat exchanger will be both finished. Campared with method of pressure difference, the method of indepence ca