汉英翻译基础策略.ppt

教学计划 第一讲 翻译策略 第二讲 词语翻译：对应与选择 第三讲 词语翻译：增减 第四讲 词语翻译：词类转换 第五讲 句子翻译：句子转换 第六讲 句子翻译：长句复杂句 第七讲 篇章与文类：法律与商务 第八讲 篇章与文类：旅游、广告与日常应用 第九讲 篇章与文类：科技与新闻、议论与文学 第十讲 八级翻译专题 Translation Strategies—— Language, Culture, Power Linguistic turn Cultural turn Power turn Translating methods are undoubtedly the core problems we are confronted with in translation. Language: word-for-word (literal) translation vs sense-for-sense (liberal) translation Culture: adapted vs alienated translation Power: domesticating vs foreignizing translation Language transliteration, literal translation （ word-for-word ）, liberal （free , sense-for-sense ） translation, the synthesis of the above transliteration Translate the sound instead of the meaning; used in translate proper names technical terms Titanic 泰坦尼克 radar 雷达 sonar /souna:/--声纳 Congo 刚果 Trust 托拉斯 Hamlet 哈姆雷特 Whisky 威士忌 胡同 hutong 旗袍 qipao 炒面 chow mien 豆腐 tofu (1)衙门 yamen (2)磕头 kowtow (3)人参 ginseng (4)秧歌 yangko Literal translation, word-for-word translation, and direct translation are basically the same. Word-for -word : Translate each word based on the first definition of such word in a bilingual dictionary, keeping the original word order.  例句: I talked to him with brutal frankness. （1）我同他谈话用粗暴的坦率。（逐词翻译） （2）我同他谈话时，使用了令人不快的真诚的语言。（直译） （3）我对他讲的话，虽然逆耳，却是忠言。（意译）我同他谈话，粗暴但坦率。  2. His irritation could not withstand the silent beauty of the night. （1）他的烦恼不能承受夜晚宁静的美丽。（逐词翻译） （2）他的烦恼经不起这宁静的良宵美景的感染。（直译） （3）面对这宁静的良宵美景，他的烦恼不禁涣然冰释了。（意译）  I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man. 我读过你的文章，我期望见到一位更老的人。 我读过你的文章，想不到你这么年轻。  word-for-word translation ≠ Literal translation But one can never go to extreme in employing literal translation. Word-for-word translation frequently spoils the original.  Nothing could be done. 没有任何事情可以被做 无事可做。 We saw an acrobat standing on his head. 我们看见一个杂技演员正站在他的头上 正倒立着。 The teacher thanked her pupils because they are very cooperative. 译文：老师感谢她的学生，因为他们是非常合作的。 汉语信息传递遵