形合与意合2.pptVIP

意合与形合（二） Paratactic vs. Hypotactic 形合：主要靠语言本身语法手段。意合：主要靠句子内部逻辑联系。 1、英语结构紧凑严密(preciseness)； 2、英语句子好比一棵参天大树，一串葡萄，一串珍珠，一树荔枝。 1、汉语结构简练明快（conciseness） 2、汉语句子好比一根竹子，一盘珠子，一江波涛。 Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn。 译文：卡莱尔大街往西伸展，越过一座黑色大桥，爬下山岗又爬上去，经过许多小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，然后突然朝着一大片绿色草地中止了。 Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farms place the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own countries. 译文；农民缺乏训练，许多农场生产率很低，这就使得大多数农民处于贫穷的困境。 晴雯先接出来，笑道：“好啊，叫我研了墨，早起高兴，只写了三个字，扔下笔就走了，哄我等了这一天，快来给我写完了这些墨才算呢！” Qing-wen greeted him with a smile, exclaiming, “A fine one you are! On the spur of the moment you bade me grind ink for you this morning. But you threw down your brush and went away after having written merely three characters. You’ve kept me waiting for you the whole day. You are to use up this ink now. Be quick!” 在复合句子中，英语的主句为主要部分，一般放在句首，即重心在前。而汉语则一般按照逻辑和时间顺序，将主要部分放在句尾，形成后中心。 Nothing has happened since we parted. 自我们别后没发生什么事情。 I went out for a walk after I had my dinner. 晚饭后我出去散步。 He has to stay at home because he is ill. 他病了只得呆在家里。 He cannot be operated upon as he is very weak. 他身体很弱不能动手术。 Tragedies can be written in literature since there is tragedy in life. 生活中既有悲剧，文学作品就可以写悲剧。 His chief contribution was making me realize how much more than knowledge I had been getting from him. 他使我认识到，我从他那里学到的，远远不只是知识，这是他最大的贡献。 The people of a small country can certainly defeat aggression by a big country, if only they dare to rise in struggle, dare to take up arms and grasp in their own hands the destiny of their own country. 小国人民只要敢于起来斗争，敢于拿起武器并掌握自己国家的命运，就一定能打败大国的侵略。 It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I intended to pay to China in January. 译文：我原来打算在今年一月访问中国，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望。 他带学生到工厂去参观。 He took his students to the factory for a visit. 给我充分时间，我也能