数列论文--级数收敛的判别方法与应用.docVIP

级数收敛的判别方法与应用 数学与信息学院 数学与应用数学专业 级 指导老师: 摘要：本文给出了级数收敛的几种判别方法。级数是数学分析中的主要内容之一，我们学习过的级数的判别方法有很多种如：等比级数、调和级数的收敛性、比值判别法、极值判别法，比较判别法的极限的形成比较判别法和交错判别法，隔项比值判别法，以调和级数为比较对象的判别法，阿贝尔判别法的推广，函数判别法等。隔项比值判别法:它较比式判别法更精细.用比式判别方法可以判别的级数,用隔项比值判别法可以判别,用隔项比值判别法可以判别的级数,却不一定能用比式判别法判别,即隔项比值判别法应用更广泛,但也更复杂些;以调和级数为比较对象的比较判别法级数发散,阿贝尔判别法的推广,阿贝尔判别法中,改变它的条件,得到新的判别方法,函数判别法,该判别方法的包容性很强,只要适当的选取满足条件的函数,则可以得到一些具体的判别方法,即该方法为一些具体方法的普遍公式. 关键词：级数; 收敛; 判别法 Probe the Criterion of the Convergence for Series Newly School of mathematics and information grade: instructor: ABSTRACT This paper has introduced several new criterion for the convergence of series. The first one is gap ratio criterion: It compares the ratio criterion to be finer. The gap ratio criterion can differentiate all the series that can be differentiated by the ratio criterion , but the series that can be differentiated by the gap ratio criterion, not can use the ratio actually to differentiate, namely the gap ratio criterion is much more widely used, but more complicated. The second necessarily one is comparison criterion which take harmonic series as the comparison object: When , the -series converges, When , the -series diverges. When, the -series names harmonic series .it is the dividing line of convergence and divergence. The third criterion is the promotion of Abel criterion: If we change the conditions of the Abel criterion, we will obtain some new criterion. The fourth criterion is function criterion: the capacity of this criterion is very strong, so long as we select the suitable functions that satisfy its conditions, we will obtain some concrete criterion. This criterion is a universal formula. Key words: series; convergence; divergence; criterion 一 .引言 1.1 研究现状 级数的收敛性的判别在数学，生活和科技领域的应用非常的广泛，人们对其的研究也取得了很大的成果，文章中就M判别法进行了推广。他们从不同的角度对级数的收敛问题进行研究，使级数的收敛性的研究更加的全面，丰富和深入。 1.2 本文要解决的问题 在前人研究的基础之上，解决级数收敛的几种方法及其推广，力争探索出级数收敛的一般方法，拓展级数收敛的应用领域。 1.3 本文所做的工作 仿照数列一致收敛的判别方法，给出级数收敛的判别方法：柯西判别法，阿贝尔判别法，积分判别法