PPT for Morphological Structures (考研）.ppt

Prefixes: 1) Negative prefixes(否定) un-/in-/im-/ir-/il-/dis-/non-/a-(an-): not, the opposite of: unexpected, uncertain, inactive, incapable, impractical, irregular, irresponsible, (unrelated), illegal, illiterate, (literate, literal, literary), disloyal, non-nuclear, non-smoker, asymmetrical, anarchy, anonymous Prefixes: 2) Reversative or privative prefixes（变反，反义） un-: to reverse the action untie, unwrap, unfold, unseal, unhorse, unearth de-: to deprive of/to reverse action/ lower (down) defrost, debone, deforestation, devalue, descend (ascend), degrade (upgrade), demote (promote) dis-: to reverse the action disconnect Prefixes: 3) Pejorative prefixes（降格，转贬） mis-: wrongly, astray misinform, misleading, misunderstanding, misconduct, misspell, misprint, misread mal-: badly maltreat=mistreat=ill-treat, malodorous, malefactor (benefactor), malevolent (benevolent) pseudo-: false, imitation pseudo-democratic, pseudo-classic Prefixes: 4) Prefixes of degree or size（大小，程度） arch-: highest, worst arch-criminal, arch-enemy, archbishop, archangel super-: more than, above supernatural sub-: lower than, less than substandard out-: do…-er than... outrun, outlive, outwork, outperform, outsmart (oneself) sur-: over and above surtax, surplus value over-: too much overeat, overdressed, over-estimate under-: too little under-estimate hyper-: extremely hypercritical Prefixes: 4) Prefixes of degree or size（大小，程度） ultra-: beyond, excessively ultraviolet infra-: below/base: infrastructure, infrared (imaging) maxi-: large, long maxiskirt, maximum (maximal, maximize) mini-: little, small miniskirt, minimum