2018版高中英语外研版必修一学案：Unit 4 Period Three Grammar Writing.docVIP

Period Three　Grammar Writing 现在完成时　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、构成 基本形式：have/has＋动词的过去分词 否定形式：have/has＋not＋动词的过去分词 被动形式：have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词 二、用法 1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently，before，so far，up to now，till now，in the past/last years，these days等时间状语连用。 Great changes have taken place in our school in the past two years. 最近两年我们学校发生了很大变化。 2．表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如：for＋一段时间，since＋过去时间点，since then，ever since等。 Mr Wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city. 自从来到这个城市，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。 3．用于现在完成时的常用句型 (1)It is/has been＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时“自从……以来多久了。” (2)This/It is the first/second...time (that)＋现在完成时“这是(某人)第一/二……次做某事。” It is/has been two weeks since we arrived here. 自从我们到这里已经有两星期了。 It is the third time that I have seen the film. 这是我第三次看这部电影了。 三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1．现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。时间状语与现在时间有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用。 2．一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday，last year，in the past，ago等。 He has lived in Beijing for four years. 他在北京住了四年了。 He lived in Beijing for four years. 他在北京住过四年。 注意：在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come，go，leave，borrow，buy，die，join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。 ①I have bought a new car.我买了辆新车。 ②I have bought a new car for two weeks.(×) →I have had the new car for two weeks.(√) 我买了这辆新车已经两周了。 [即时跟踪]　用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．This is the first time that I have_been(be) to the Great Wall. 2．I will lend you the book as soon as I have_finished (finish) reading it. 3．Tom has_lived(live) here for five years till now. 4．After I have_had (have) supper，I often do homework. 5．Up to now，the program has_saved(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 6．How long have you had(have) this dictionary? 7．This is the best film I have ever seen(see)． 8．Her grandfather has_been_dead(die) for over five years. 9．Molly went to Japan last year.And I havent_heard(not，hear) from him ever since. 10．Its the third time that I have_met(meet) him this week. Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for t