高含油量、高生物量微藻的筛选及发酵试验的初步研究.docxVIP

高含油量、高生物量微藻的筛选及发酵试验的初步研究贺国强，邓志平，陈三凤（中国农业大学生物学院农业生物技术国家重点实验室，北京100193）摘要：从不同淡水环境中分离并培养多株微藻，并且根据微藻的形态特征对这些微藻进行了初步鉴定。比较了其 中 11 株微藻的油脂含量，油脂产量及生物量。从中选取生物量和油脂含量都较高的三株微藻椭圆栅藻 （Scenedesmus ovalternus）、雷氏衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardii ）和蛋白核小球藻（Chlorella pyrenoidosa ）， 研究了光照、温度、pH、碳源及氮源对其生长的影响，表明黑暗条件下添加葡萄糖作为碳源三株微藻生长更快； 其最适温度为 30℃；椭圆栅藻和蛋白核小球藻最适 pH 为 6，而雷氏衣藻最适 pH 为 7；葡萄糖和硝酸钾分别为 这三种微藻的最适碳源和氮源。雷氏衣藻和蛋白核小球藻的发酵试验表明，与摇瓶培养相比，发酵培养时间可缩 短一倍,且微藻生长量比摇瓶培养大一倍以上，经 5 天发酵 OD540 分别可达 61.2 和 59.9。关键词：微藻；油脂；生物柴油；发酵试验Selection of Microalgaes Rich in Lipid and with a High Biomass, and Research of Fermentation TestHE Guoqiang, DENG Zhiping, CHEN Sanfeng（State Key Laboratory for AgroBiotechnology, College of Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China）Abstract: Frash microalgal species which are potentially rich in lipid and with high biomass from a variety of fresh habitats were isolated, cultivated, and then identified according to their morphological characteristics. A comparison was made of 11 species’ lipid content, lipid productivity and amount of biomass. For the three strains with highest lipid yield, the optimal growth conditions including carbon, nitrogen, light, pH and temperature were determined in order to establish the best fermentation conditions for scale-up. It suggested the three algaes grow faster when cultured with adding glucose in the dark. The optimal temperature for three algaes is 30℃.T he optim alpH forY 5 and Y 9 w as 6,w ith 7 for Y7. Glucose and potassium nitrate were the optimal carbon source and nitrogen source for the three algaes, respectively. Then three strains with highest lipid yield were tested for fermentation. Cell densityof Chlamydomonas reinhardii Y7 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa Y9 achieved were 61.2 (OD540) in 118 h and 59.86 (OD540) in 108 h in a 5-l bioreactor by performing preliminary and improved fed-batch culture strategy, respectively. This study has laid the foundation for high-density fermentation of microalgal cell in bioreactor for biod