11.第三章英译汉的层次3.1词语：准确理解与选择词义.pptVIP

第三章：英汉翻译技巧第一节： 准确理解与选择词义 “词本无义, 义随人生” “Each word when used in a new context is a new word.”(Firth) 勤翻勤查字典 切忌望文生义 1.?一词多义或多类 2. 词义的搭配与引伸（根据词性确定词义；根据上下文及逻辑关系确定词义） 3.用字的分量(语气的轻重) 4.词义的褒贬 5.词的语体色彩： 意义的结构层级别本体结构层概念意义（所指意义）引申意义联想意义含蓄意义语境意义（上下文中）情景意义（在社会情景中）文化意义形式意义（修辞意义）交流意义（人际意义）审美意义 第一节： 准确理解与选择词义 根据上下文的联系和词的搭配关系或句型来判断和确定某个词在特定场合下的意义。 Charge；Dry；Go；Soft；Heavy；Broken； Carry: 提；拎；挑；背；抬；搂；夹；担；搬；抱；捧； light loss: 轻微的损失； light manner: 轻浮的举止； light heart: 轻松的心情； light outfit: 轻便的装备 Fishes were caught not only with net, but with baskets. 鱼可以用网捕,也可以用筐捞。 He is the last person for my husband. Until the last minute won’t he say a word. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. ? A young man came to the police with a story. He story is the saddest. The official refused to confirm the story. some reporters who were presented in the conference broke the story. 报案；遭遇；消息；内幕, 内情 exercise Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, and proclaiming the goodness of the kingdom, and curing every disease and every sickness. Answer to the exercise Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, and proclaiming the goodness of the kingdom, and curing every disease and every sickness. 耶稣走遍各城各乡， 在教堂里教导人们， 宣布王国的好消息，医治各样的疾病。 耶稣走遍各城各乡， 在教堂里教导人们， 宣讲天国的福音，医治各样的疾病。 Delicate operation; delicate health; delicate ear for music; delicate diplomatic question; delicate dishes; delicate skin; delicate upbringing; delicate difference; delicate sense of smell; 精细的手术；虚弱的身体； 对音乐有鉴赏力；微妙的外交问题；清淡的菜肴；娇嫩的肌肤；娇生惯养；细微的差别；敏锐的嗅觉； Context: We should settle the disputes in the context of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. We must operate within the context of the Olympian Spirit. In this context, I’ve to call your attention to the fact that the peaceful trend in the Indo-China Peninsula is essential to pace in the world. His plane developed trouble only after takeoff. Franklin developed a practical lightning rod. A hypothes