第二部分 第四讲 动词.pptVIP

(4)非谓语动词做主语和表语的区别： 区别 举例 不 定 式 多表示一个特定的具体的将来的动作，常用it作形式主语。做表语有时可和主语交换位置，而且意义不变。 My dream is to become a teacher. To obey the law is important. 区别 举例 动 名 词 与不定式的功能区别不大，然而它更接近于名词，表示的动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作，有时也可以用it做形式主语，做表语时可以和主语互换位置。 It is no use saying that again and again. Teaching is my job. 区别 举例 分词 无名词的性质，不能做主语。但是有形容词的性质，可以做表语，现在分词多含有“令人……”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多为物。过去分词一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到……”之意，主语多是人。 The situation is encouraging. The athlete is promising. The book is well written. 点击下图片进入“综合演练” * * 1．基本用法 过去分词兼有形容词、副词、动词的特征，可在句中用作下列成分： (1)作表语。例如： The coach was satisfied with the teams performance. (2)作定语。例如： I prefer the gift designed and made by him. (3)作宾语补足语。例如： She spoke loudly to make himself heard. (4)作状语。 ①用作状语的过去分词在意义上通常相当于一个状语从句，分词短语的逻辑主语一般就是该句的主语。例如： Built in 1895(＝As it was built in 1895)，the bridge is over 100 years old. ②为了使分词结构作状语的意义更加明确，有时可在前面加上when，if，though，unless等连词。例如： If/When heated，water changes into steam. 2．其他用法 (1)许多动词的过去分词在一些词典中已列为形容词，常见 的有：astonished，broken，closed，completed， crowded，disabled，done，dressed，drunk， frightened，gone，interested，known，married， pleased，satisfied，surprised，tired，worried，scared 等。可在句中充当定语或表语。例如：the married woman，the worried parents。 (2)某些过去分词如同某些形容词一样，在前面加上the可指 一类人。例如：the wounded。 一、单句填空(用所给单词的适当形式填空。) 1．Im calling to enquire about the position ______(advertise) in yesterdays China Daily.(北京高考) 2．In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ________(stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(福建高考) 3．So far nobody has claimed the money ________(discover) in the library.(湖南高考) 4．The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already _______(lay) for a meal to be cooked.(山东高考) 5．________(see) from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.(陕西高考) 6．A great number of students ________(question) said they were forced to practise the piano.(四川高考) 7．Please remain ________ (seat)，the winner of the prize will be announced soon.(辽宁高考) 8．J