初三被动语态专项复习总结.docxVIP

被动语态专项复习一、1.含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用__________语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用____________语态。2.主动语态变被动语态主动语态：The boybrokethe window yesterday. 动作执行者 动词主动形式 动作承受者被动语态：The windowwas brokenby the boy yesterday. 动作承受者 动词被动形式 动作执行者3.构成：(1)肯定句：主语+be +过去分词（+by…）英语被许多人说。English ____________ _____________ ____________ many people.(2)否定句：主语+be not+过去分词（+by…）这条路不经常被使用。This road _____________ ___________ very often.(3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词（+by…）？那座桥是被建在长江上吗？___________ that bridge _____________ over the Changjiang River?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语+过去分词（+by…）？电话是什么时候被发明的？____________ _______________ the telephone _______________？4.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态主动语态被动语态结构一般现在时give/gives一般过去时gave?一般将来时shall/will give?被动语态（二）二、被动语态的特殊情况Ⅰ. 动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词:(well/badly/easily…), 当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被动。此类动词有：write, sell, clean, wash等词做不及物动词时，如：The book sells well.(1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好.This food tastes _______ and ________ well.(2)这支笔写的很糟/流畅.This pen ________ badly/smoothly.(3)这家商店八点营业.The shop _________ at 8a.m.Ⅱ. want/need+ doing 相当于want/need+ to be done你的衣服需要洗。 Your clothes need __________. = Your clothes need _______ _______ ________.Ⅲ. 在be worth doing中，doing表被动意义This book is worth _____________. (read)This stamp is worth _____________. (collect)2. see, hear, make等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。The boss made him work all day.He _______ _________ _____ ______ all day(by the boss).I often hear her sing this song.She _____ often ________ _________ ________this song (by me).3. 动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。She takes care of the baby everyday. The baby ______ ________ ______ ______by her every day.People should speak to the oldpolitely.The old ______ _______ _____ _____ politelyby people.( )This dictionary mustn’t ________________the library.A. take away B. be taken away C. be taken away from4. 用于词组的被动语态．常用于表示＂据说＂或＂相信＂，如：It is said that... (据说...) It is reported that… (据报道...)It is well-known that…(众所周知)5.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时(1) He told us a story.→ _