英语必修二module 4 grammar.pptVIP

动名词作主语与宾语 动名词在句中可以作主语或宾语 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 3. He admitted taking the money. 4. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 动词-ing形式在句中作主语或宾语，该动词起名词作用，我们称之为动名词。 1．作主语 Walking is good exercise．走路是很好的运动。 Seeing is believing．眼见为实。 Reading good books enriches our mind. 阅读好书丰富我们的头脑。 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。 注意：动名词作主语还常用于“It is no use／good／harm／useless doing sth．”句型中。 It is no use waiting here．在这儿等是没用的。 (It为形式主语，waiting here为真正的主语) 动名词与不定式作主语的区别 1)动名词和不定式作主语 动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作；不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous(指一具体动作) Reading good books enriches our mind. To finish reading such a long novel will take me several days. 2．作宾语 My brother likes swimming．我弟弟喜欢游泳。(swimming为动词like的宾语) Her sister is good at dancing．她妹妹擅长跳舞。(dancing为介词at的宾语) This film is well worth seeing．这部电影值得看。(seeing为形容词worth的宾语) Do you think it necessary trying again? 你认为有必要再试一试吗? (It为形式宾语，trying again为真正的宾语) (1) 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语有： admit(承认)，avoid，advise，consider，delay(延误)，deny(否认)，enjoy，escape， excuse，finish，imagine，mind(介意)，miss(错过)，permit， practise，require(需要)，suggest(建议)； E.g. He turned left suddenly in order to avoid hitting the boy. I missed seeing such a good play. can’t stand(不能忍受)， care for(喜欢)，dream of，devote to，feel like，give up，insist on，keep on，put off(推迟)，persist in(坚持)，set about(开始，着手)，stick to(坚持)，succeed in，look forward to; E.g. We succeeded in persuading him to give up his plan. He is not afraid of dying. (2)只能跟动词不定式作宾语的词。 Afford, agree, ask, decide, refuse, promise, pretend, wish, hope, expect, offer, fail, aim　　　 arrange, choose The driver failed to see the other car in time.　　 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question.　　 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案 　 (2)在某些动词如like, love, prefer, hate后．动名词作宾语表示一般倾向；不定式作宾语表示特定的或具体的某次行动。如： I like reading books of this kind．我喜欢看这类书。 I like