英语专业美国文学期末考试复习资料--个人整理精选.doc

一Colonial America　　 The first English colony: Jamestown in Virginia in 1607　 2Puritanism :Influence on American value system: simplicity, freedom, independence, hard work, etc.　 3Anne Bradstreet， once called “Tenth Muse”　　　 二Reason and Revolution　　　 Benjamin Franklin---Poor Richard’s Almanac　 Modeled on farmers’ annual calendar; kept publishing for many years; 　　 includes many classical sayings, 　　 Thomas Paine　　　 Common Sense: a strong push for the Revolution Warfour parts (British enslavement of the colonies; praising democratic election; America’s economic and military potential to protect the rights of people)　　　 三 Romanticism　 An expression of an individual’s feeling and experiences; imagination nature　 The first literary Renaissance, in the history of American literature. It stretches from the end of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil War. It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass.　　　 1.Washington Irving (1783-1859)　　 (1)Literary status: the first American to earn an international reputation; Father of the American short stories　 (2)Tow short stories----“Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”: Americanized versions of European folk tales, from German legends, but achieving a distinct American tone and theme 　　　 (3)The Sketch Book:The first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature, winning him international popularity　 2.James Fenimore Cooperthe first major American writer to deal imaginatively with American life, a critic of the political, social and religious problems of the day.　 Leatherstocking Tales　　 Including: The Pioneers, The Last of the Mohicans, The Prairie, The Pathfinder, The Deerslayer　 Centre Character: Natty Bumppo (an ideal romantically; various names: Leatherstocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder, Hawkeye; with two noble red men: Mohican Chief Chingachgook and his son, Uncas)　　 3.William Cullen Bryant　　　 Literary statu