英语：2010年高考阅读理解解题技巧(词义猜测题).docVIP

2010年高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧 猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。学会通过构词定义同位对比因果常识上下文线索等确定词义。The underlined word “…” in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______. By saying “…” in the first(second…) paragraph, the author means that ______. In paragraph …, “…” can be replaced by “______”. The meaning of “…” in paragraph… is related to ______. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)? The underlined sentence in the … paragraph probably means that _____. 二、解题思路与应试技巧 做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。 下面结合近几年高考试题，对猜词悟义的技巧加以解读。 1、根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如： Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即退火。It will be very hard but also very brittle — that is, it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是脆的意思。The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明herdsman的词义为牧人。 （200卷，篇）73. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_______”. A. freezing points B. burning points C. melting points D. boiling pointsC。（2007山东卷，C篇）65.The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means __________. A. discouraging B. interesting C. creative D. unbearable 【解析】A。请看文章第一段：When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. 由后半句的解释“…with almost no money for equipment or supplies…”可知此项任务不可能是“interesting”或“creative”，而她的教学工作也与“unbearable”无关，故A项正确。 2、根据同位关系进行猜测 阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如： They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了castle 的确切词义，即城堡。W