行政主体的发展趋势及其法律保障研究——以“新公共管理”为视角word格式论文.docxVIP

摘要中国改革开放 30 多年来，社会财富急剧增长，社会经济结构也发生了巨大的 变化，我国传统的一元利益结构已逐渐消亡，多元化利益结构正在形成。在公共 行政下对行政主体发展趋势及其法律保障方面的研究对于我国当前行政主体理论 建设和社会实践均具有重要意义。行政主体理论是一舶来品。在行政法中，行政主体是指依法成立即享有国家 行政权、以自己名义进行职权范围内行政管理活动的组织，在享有行政权力的同 时，又能独立承担由其产生的责任。在西方大多数国家中行政主体不仅包括国家、 地方等公法人，还包括一些承担公共职能的私人主体。公民个人作为独立主体在 政治上被肯定。我国的行政主体不能表现为个人，只能是表现为组织。我国的行政体制改革已历数次，虽然在行政职能、行政思维等方面取得了较 大的进步，但是没有根本性的突破。究其原因，主要是由于没有把机构改革和政 府职能的转变联系起来，没有把政府改革和法律保障结合起来，也没有及时进行配 套改革。在重视公共服务的“新公共管理”的影响下，行政各级部门将会把公民的 满意度和公共利益放在首位，越来越多的中介组织和公务法人将获得行政主体资 格。我国行政主体将呈现多元化的发展趋势。在实践中我国的多元化利益格局并没有得到法律的全面肯定。法律保障的现 状使得我国无法应对行政体制改革的现实需要，更不能为行政主体多元化的发展 提供充分的法律保障。形成以分权为基础的多元化行政主体的可靠途径就是要完 善我国的法律保障体系，以此来保障我国的行政体制改革，促进行政主体朝着多 元化方向健康、快速发展。关键词：行政主体，新公共管理， 法律保障ABSTRACTAfter over three decades of reform and opening up, the material wealth of society has kept increasing rapidly. Social and economic structure has also undergone tremendous changes since then. Gradually, our traditional unitary interest structure has been disappearing and diverse interest structure is taking shape. The research on the development trend of administrative subject under public administration and its legal protection are of great significance for theory construction and social practice for current administration.Administrative subject is an exotic theory. In Administrative Law, administrative subject means: it is an organization established by law which entitled to the national executive power and administrative activities within terms of reference with their own name. While enjoying executive power, it can bear its due independently. In the most western countries, administrative subject includes not only nation and local organ, but private subject bearing the public functions. Individual citizen, as an independent subject, has been recognized in politics. In China, administrative subject can not be individual, but only organization.Chinas administrative reform has been several times. Although it has made great progress on the administrative functions and administrative thinking, there