基于场所精神的西安老城区街道空间营造策略分析-analysis of street space construction strategy in xi an old city based on place spirit.docx

摘要伴随着城镇化、机动化趋势地高速发展，“街道”变“车河”的现象日益突出。以 交通功能为主的路网系统代替了功能多样化、人性化的街道系统，街道文化特色逐渐 缺失，传统的街道随之也逐渐消失。西安是一座历史积淀深厚的古城，老城区是西安历史文化名城保护的重点部分， 老城肌理反映古城风貌、体现古城文化。但是，如今的老城区，部分原有街区的社会 生活网络被破坏、原住民缺失，传统街道的功能被改变、文化被忽视，街道特色逐渐 丧失，因此街道缺乏场所精神。所以，恢复并发展传统的街道空间，满足现代生活的 需求，营造有场所精神的街道空间成为西安城市发展的必然。本文选取西安明城墙以内的街道为研究对象，以场所精神为视角，以人、空间、 场所三者之间的关系为主要研究内容，采用文献资料研究法、调查研究法、案例研究 法、分类研究法、归纳总结法五种方法进行深入研究。本文的创新点在于将老城区的 街道类型化，根据不同类型的街道现状进行研究与评价，并提出相应的营造策略。本文通过研究西安老城区街道空间的历史演进，提炼出值得借鉴的传统街道生活 方式，揭示街道空间与场所精神的关系、街道空间场所多样性特征的需求。通过对老 城区街道的调查研究，根据街道功能、景观特征的不同将其归纳为 5 类，即交通性街道、居住型街道、文化型商业街、综合型商业街以及旅游、居住型街道；对其中 8 条 典型街道进行深入研究，总结出街道中存在的问题：认同感弱化、原住民缺失、交往 场所不足、空间环境混乱。在此基础上，从场所精神的视角出发，将不同类型的街道 从社会结构、历史文化、街道功能、空间结构、商业业态五个方面进行研究，提出西 安老城区街道空间的营造策略。关键词：西安老城区；场所精神；街道空间；营造策略AbstractFollowing the development of urbanization and mechanization, it is a very serious phenomenon that streets in cities are blocked up by the heavy traffic. The humanization street system which is functional diversification is replaced by the road network system based on the traffic function. Street culture and gradually missing, along with the traditional street gradually disappear.Xi’an is a historical and traditional city that the old city region is one of the most important parts which is protected in time. The old city region texture has embodied and reflected the styles and cultures of this traditional city completely. However, nowadays, the old city region in Xi’an, in which part of social life of the original block network is destroyed, missing native, the functions of the traditional streets have been changed and the culture has been ignored, the unique features of the streets are lost gradually, Thus the streets are lack of the spirit of place. Hence, it is inevitable to recover and develop the traditional streets, to satisfy the requirement of the modern life, to create the streets which have the spirit of place in Xian.This paper selects the streets within Xian Ming City Wall Street as the research object, in the spirit of place as the angle