embryonic stem cell发育生物学教学 讲义.pptVIP

Stem Cell;;Two kinds of stem cells from humans; Test tube babies are babies that are created in a test tube by taking one sperm cell and one egg cell and combining them. So the baby starts to develop in the test tube and is then implanted into the mothers uterus. ;Sir Martin Evans has recently been honored with the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine (2007) for his contribution towards development of animal models of disease through ESC mediated gene targeting. ;The Characteristics Of Embryonic Stem Cell ;The Characteristics Of Embryonic Stem Cell ;For those who believe that the embryo is a human person from the moment of conception, destruction of the embryo is equivalent to murder (ethical) But the stem cells obtained from human embryos offer great hope for curing diseases Question: Is there any way of obtaining human embryonic stem cell without destroying or harming human embryos?;The other sources of embryonic stem cells;Somatic cell nuclear transfer Animal Cloning;History of Animal Cloning;Dolly (sheep);Since Dolly comes to the world, the establishment of hES lines via somatic cell nuclear transfer has become very exciting. Why? In 2005, Dr. Woo Suk Hwang, a South Korean scientist at Seoul National University, first announced cloning human cells from the patient somatic cells, but later the fact proved his data was forged hES from somatic nuclear is of great importance, but very difficult since very low efficiency for forming blastocyst and lack of human oocyte. ;The other sources of embryonic stem cells;There are natural animal ‘clones’;Advantages: no immuno-rejection for those female patient with the capability to produce oocyte; ES gene type belongs to homozygote, MHC(major histocompatibility complex) zygosity is much easier than heterozygote; no ethic problem since the embryos from parthenogenosis will not develop into a living body. Are these really embryos? Could they actually develop as human beings? There is no way to answer that question wi