基于遗传算法的汽车排气消声器优化设计分析及其软件开发-optimization design and software development of automobile exhaust muffler based on genetic algorithm.docxVIP

中文摘要中文摘要摘 要随着汽车高速化的快速发展，汽车车外噪声污染已成为全球性问题，而汽 车排气噪声是组成车外噪声的主要噪声源之一，消声器是降低排气噪声的有效 途径。论文首先研究了线性温度和平均气流速度对声波在管内传播特性的影响， 在此基础上建立了六种常用声学元件的传递矩阵；把发动机、排气歧管和消声 器作为一个排气系统整体考虑，建立了消声器插入损失的数学模型。遗传算法是一种自适应全局优化概率搜索算法，本论文针对基本遗传算法 存在过早收敛和算法后期局部搜索能力较弱问题，提出了随机试验法和自适应 搜索范围方法。结合浮点数编码技术，提出了一种改进的浮点数编码的遗传算 法，并用 MATLAB 语言编制了相应程序。用两个测试函数进行验证，结果表明该 算法是有效的。其次利用 VB 语言，结合改进的浮点数编码的遗传算法，编制了汽车排气消 声器性能预测与结构优化软件。由于该软件采用模块化编程和数据库管理，所 以该软件在便于以后扩展的同时，也具有一定的通用性。最后利用该软件对某轿车专用消声器进行了结构优化，通过消声器台架试 验和消声器有限元分析软件 ANSYS 的模拟仿真分析，结果表明优化后的消声器 降低了排气噪声，证明了本文的研究具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。关键词：遗传算法，优化设计，消声器，随机试验法，自适应搜索范围I英文摘要英文摘要ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of high-speed vehicle, vehicle outer noise pollution have become global problem. The exhaust noise is one of the main sources vehicle outer noise. The exhaust muffler is the chief and effective device to control exhaust noise.Firstly, the influence of the linear temperature and the average speed of airflow on sound transmission performance was discussed, the six sound field transmission matrixes for silencing elements usually used in mufflers was established on this basis. Regarded engine , exhaust pipe and silencer as a exhaust system of exhausting, the mathematical model for calculation the insertion loss in a muffler is presented.As an optimal method , Genetic Algorithm has obvious advantages which is based on the nature selection and genetic transmission mechanisms , such as high collateral, stochastic, self-reliance. The basic theory of the normal Genetic Algorithm was introduced in brief. Genetic Algorithm has problem of premature convergence and result swing near optimum value. To solve the problem of premature , the method called Monte-Carlo was adopted to prevent the algorithm from local optimal, and to the problem of result swing , the method changing the hunting zone dynamically was proposed to improve the accuracy of the optimal result. Float encoding method combined with the normal Genetic Algorithm, and the advanced Genetic Algorithm of float encoding was brou