Chapt 4 Current Theories of Emotions Psychology of Emotions情绪心理学讲解材料.pptVIP

Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * Bechara, Damasio etal. (1994) Card game experiment; Subjects: patients with ventromedial PFC damage, health control subjects; Task: card game Four conditions: Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * A B C D gain possibility penalties $100 $100 $50 $50 50% 10% $250 $1250 50% $50 10% $250 Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * Trick: to overlook immediate rewards ($100) and become sensitive to delayed rewards (or to avoid large penalties) The patients can’t learn to finger out the optimal solution to perform the task, and normal subjects were able to response emotional sensitively and learn to find out a good choice. Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * Orbital and ventromedial frontal cortex Function: context-dependent(场依存） action selection; Use and application: inhibit ongoing emotional responses based on analyses of context; generate affective reactions based on these analyses that guide further regulatory judgments;(依据环境特点进行情绪反应及情绪调节) Controlled; 决定如何调节及如何实施调节; Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * The PFC and ‘top-down’ regulation Davidson et al propose that PFC and ACC send “bias signals” (emotional information) to other parts of brain to guide behaviors towards the most adaptive current goals; Left-side PFC is related with approach goals and is acted as appetitive region;--趋近系统; Right-side PFC regions are responding to negative signals and involved in withdrawal behaviors;--回避系统； Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * Lateral prefrontal and association cortices Retrieving and storing semantic emotion knowledge;情绪知识的提取与存储; Use and application: identity识别 stimuli differentiate分化 feeling states; attribute归因 emotional qualities to stimuli; repository存储 of regulatory strategies lay emotion knowledge; Retrieval can be automatic or controlled; Fall, 2008 Psychology of Emotions * Representation表征 of Emotion concepts情绪概念 or schemas 图式 The abstract cause of an experience The meaning of a situation to the individual a