Chapter 1 MATERIALS AND HOT WORK Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in Plasticity Theory 机械工程专业英语 知识讲稿.ppt

English for Mechanical Engineering;Chapter 1 MATERIALS AND HOT WORK; plasticity (塑性)：;plasticity;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;flow stress (流动应力)：;机械工程专业英语;tensile test（拉伸试验）：;uniaxial tensile test（单轴拉伸试验）：;机械工程专业英语; biaxial tensile test：; triaxial tensile test：;二、Vocabulary;二、Vocabulary;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语; The purpose applying plasticity theory in metal forming is to investigate the mechanics of plastic deformation in metal forming processes. Such investigation allows the analysis and prediction of (a) metal flow (velocities, strain rates and strains), (b) temperatures and heat transfer, (c) local variation in material strength or flow stress and (d) stresses, forming load, pressure and energy. Thus, the mechanics of deformation provides the means for determining how the metal flows, how the desired geometry can be obtained by plastic forming and what are the expected mechanical properties of the part produced by forming. ;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语; The behavior of metal under compressive stress is more complex. This can be seen from an analysis of what happens when a cylindrical sample is compressed between two platens. Plastic deformation commences when the stress on the workpiece attains the yield stress of the metal. As the height of the sample decreases it spreads outwards with an increase of cross-sectional area. This movement takes place against a frictional force between the ends of the workpiece and the platens. The deforming metal is subject to the complex stress system.;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语;机械工程专业英语; The stress system has altered from single, uniaxial to three dimensional or triaxial. There is one applied stress from the platens and two are induced by the friction reaction. If there was no friction between the platens and the workpiece, then yielding would occur under a uniaxial compressive stress exactly as in the case of tensile loading. The yield stress in compression would then coin