妇产科患者术后吸氧预防恶心呕吐的效果研究.docVIP

妇产科患者术后吸氧预防恶心呕吐的效果研究 【摘要】目的：探讨对妇产科术后患者给予氧气吸入预防恶心呕吐的效果。方法：选择本科在硬膜外麻醉及全麻下手术后患者287例，随机分为对照组（143例）和研究组（144例），对照组给予常规护理，研究组除给予常规护理外还予以鼻导管吸氧4 h，观察两组术后24 h恶心呕吐的发生情况。结果：研究组术后恶心呕吐的发生率明显低于对照组，两组间差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05）。结论：对妇产科手术后患者给予氧气吸入4 h，能明显降低术后恶心呕吐的发生率。 【关键词】 吸氧；手术；恶心呕吐Study of the effect by absorbing oxygen to prevent from nausea and vomiting for patients with gynaecology and obstetrics operation CHENG Li-qiong (The peoples hospital of Dazhu , Sichuan 635100, China) 【Abstract】 Objective：To study the effect of giving the patients oxygen in department of gynecology and obstetrics generally to prevent from nausea and vomiting. Methods:287 patients with general anasesthesia were selected. Among them 143 patients were selected as control group，another 144 patients were selected as experimental group. Routine nursing was applied in control group．While patients in experimental group were given 4 hours to absorb oxygen besides routine nursing．Observe　nausea and vomiting between the two groups after 24 hours.Results: The frequency of nausea and vomiting in experimental group is obviously lower than that in control group (P0.05).Conclusions: It can effectively reduce the frequency of nausea and vomiting after operation to give patients 4 hours to absorb oxygen． 【Key words】Oxygen uptake; Operation; Nausea and vomiting 恶心呕吐(PONV)是麻醉及手术后常见并发症。术后PONV直接影响了患者的舒适度及康复，增加了患者的痛苦，导致患者及家属的恐惧焦虑心理。为减少其发生，本科对手术后患者给予氧气吸入，探讨吸氧对术后恶心呕吐的预防效果。 1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 选择2007年6月至11月我科在硬膜外麻醉及全麻下手术后回病房（全麻患者清醒后）的患者287例，其中，剖宫产术88例，子宫切除术146例，卵巢及输卵管手术53例，年龄18～67岁。术前无合并症，并予术前禁食8小时，禁饮4小时，术前用药除剖宫产为阿托品外，其余手术均为阿托品+苯巴比妥钠，麻醉用药为利多卡因、布比卡因、丁卡因、芬太尼、力月西等，镇痛药为杜冷丁。 1.2 方法 1.2.1 将287例患者随机分为对照组143例，研究组144例。两组患者年龄、体重、疾病种类、手术种类、麻醉用药、剂量、手术持续时间等方面差异无统计学意义（P0.05）。对照组回病房后给予常规护理，研究组除常规护理外给予鼻导管氧气吸入（2～3 L/分）4 h。 1.2.2 观察24 h PONV的发生情况 采用WHO规定标准对术后恶心呕吐进行评定［1］。Ｉ级：无恶心呕吐；Ⅱ级：轻度恶心，腹部不适，但无呕吐；Ⅲ级：呕吐明显，但无胃内容物吐出；Ⅳ级：严重呕吐，有胃内容物呕出，非药物难以控制。 1.2.3 统计学方法 结果采用卡方检验进行统计学处理。 2 结果 （表1） 表1 两组患者术后恶心呕吐发生情况 x2=8.67，P0.05，差异有显著意义。 由此可见，研究组术后给予鼻导管氧气吸入4 h可降低恶心