电子与 及通信工程专业英语Unit 6 Optical Fiber Communication.pptVIP

Unit 6 Optical Fiber Communication;　　Although satellite systems are expected to be the dominant communication medium for long distances during this decade, fiber optics technology is expected to revolutionize the communications industry because of its low cost, high transmission volume, low arrogation, and message security[1]. Fiber optic cables are replacing copper wire as the major communication medium in buildings and cities; major communications companies are currently investing huge sums of money in fiber optics communications networks that can carry digital signals, thus increasing communications and capacity.;　　In fiber optics communications, signals are converted to light form and fired by laser in bursts through insulated, very thin(1/2000 of an inch) glass or plastic fibers. The pulses of light represent the “on” state in electronic data representation and can occur nearly 1 billion times per second—nearly 1 billion bits can be communicated through a fiber optic cable per second. Equally important, fiber optic cables aren’t cumbersome in size: A fiber optic cable (insulted fibers bound together) that is only 1/2-inch thick is capable of supporting nearly 250,000 voice conversation at the same time (soon to be doubled to 500,000). ;However, since the data is communicated in the form of pulses of light, specialized communications equipment must be used.;　　Optical fibers guide light rays within the fiber material. They can do this because light rays bend or change direction when they pass from one medium to another. They bend because the speed of propagation of light in each medium is different. This phenomenon is called refraction. One common example of refraction occurs when you stand at the edge of a pool and look at an object at the bottom of the pool. Unless you are directly over the object, it appears to be farther away than it really is. This affect occurs because the speed of light ray from the object increases as the light ray passes from the water