基于adams及simulink的客车平顺性研究-research on bus ride comfort based on adams and simulink.docxVIP

山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文摘 山东科技大学工程硕士学位论文 摘 要 摘 要 随着汽车的普及，人们对汽车的各项性能（动力性，经济性，操纵稳定性和行驶平 顺性）要求也越来越高。由于汽车的各项性能都是相互影响的，因此汽车的行驶平顺性 也影响着其它性能的发挥。本文以某轻型客车为研究对象，分别以汽车振动以及多体系 统动力学为理论依据，利用了 MATLAB/Simulink 模块以及 ADAMS/Car 模块建立出汽车 振动模型，以验证客车的平顺性。 首先将某轻型客车简化为四自由度的振动模型，并以此列出相应的数学公式，根据 公式建立 MATLAB/Simulink 模块模型，综合考虑阻尼系数和悬架刚度各因素对平顺性 的影响并对模型进行分析，得到不同参数下的加速度响应曲线，根据得到的加速度响应 曲线分析该车型整车的平顺性。其次，以 ADAMS/Car 为手段，通过对某轻型客车振动 系统的结构及数据的测量，建立包括前悬架、后悬架、转向系及车架和轮胎等子系统， 实现在 ADAMS 虚拟环境中对所建立的整车虚拟样车，然后仿真分析悬架刚度及减震器 阻尼对整车平顺性的影响。最后通过对结果的对比分析对汽车的平顺性加以评价，可以 得出前车架的加权加速度均方根值随着前悬架刚度的增大先减小后增大，后悬架刚度的 增大而增大，前后减震器阻尼的增大先增大后减小。此车中所选取的前悬架刚度及前后 减震器阻尼符合平顺性的要求，而后悬架取值过大不符合平顺性要求，在设计是应尽量 减小后悬架刚度。 关键词：平顺性，汽车振动，多体系统动力学，悬架刚度，减震器阻尼 ABSTRACT With the popularity of the automobile，the requirements in performance (power, economy, handling stability and ride comfort) are also increasing. Ride comfort plays an important role in the performance and affects others. This paper makes a light buses as object, respectively with car vibration and multi-body system dynamics as the theory basis, creating the auto vibration model with the use of MATLAB/Simulink modules and ADAMS/Car module in order to verify the riding comfort of the Car. First, simplify a light bus for four degrees of freedom vibration model, and to list the corresponding mathematical formula, according to the formula MATLAB/Simulink module mode is established. With the model analysis and comprehensive consideration of the damping coefficient and suspension stiffness to the influence of the riding comfort, the different curve of acceleration under different parameters can be get. According to the acceleration response curve analysis the riding comfort of the bus. Second, with the means of ADAMS/Car, according to measurement of the vibration system structure and data of the light bus, the subsystems can be set up including front suspension, rear suspension, steering system, frame , tires and so on. According to the subsystems, realizing a vehicle virtual prototype in the virtual enviro