第3章 节 替换与重复汉译英 .pptVIP

Chapter 3 ;除非修辞的需要，英语一般要避免重复;Fowler: The King’s English;在英语中避免如下几种重复：;;改写;意义重复;翻译或写作时注意以下重复的意义; ;一、替代;;;2 动词性替代;3 分句性替代;The Chinese have always been a great, courageous and industrious nation; it is only in modern times that they have fallen behind. And that was due entirely to oppression and exploitation by foreign imperialism and domestic reactionary governments. We must have a fundamental evaluation of a person’s work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent, or vice versa.; 英语多用代称，以避免重复；汉语多用实称，因而较多重复。汉语的代词远没有英语广泛。人称代词的使用是1917年新文化运动之后才出现的。 王力： 中国现代语里不大用‘它’，尤其是非动物。英语的‘it’译成‘它’很不顺口。;;;;二、省略;;;;三、变换;重叠;;;;;;成语的意义重复：;汉语的排比性重复在翻译中一般要保留;;; We find ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit; reaching with magnificent precision for the moon, but falling into raucous discord on earth. We are caught in war, wanting peace. We’re torn by division, wanting unity. We see around us empty lives, wanting fulfillment. We see tasks that need doing, wanting for hands to do them. (R. Nixon: Inaugural Address);This is our hope. This is the faith which I return to the south. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.