商法导论重点知识.docx

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商法导论重点知识

名词解释:司法先例Judicial precedent is the most influential of the common law sources. It is a kind of legislation that established by judge to bind people. When judge creating a precedent, they must obey the principle of the judicial precedent. There is a particular and famous case of Donoghue V Stevenson议会法案Laws made by parliament itself. Laws pass by both UK parliament and Scottish parliament known as Act. Act of parliament are some legislation passed by UK parliament. Most Acts apply to the whole of United Kingdom. 欧盟法律类型:欧盟法主要分为基本法和派生法。基本法包括成立欧盟及其前身欧共体的国际条约以及后续修改的一系列条约。例如《《罗马条约》》《《欧洲单一法案》》《《欧洲联盟条约》》。派生法是欧盟议会, 欧盟理事会等主要机构根据基本条约已解释条约和执行条约的方式制定的,具有国内法属性的规定,指令,决定等。 经典法律著作Books, papers which were established by famous legal scholars. It can be quoted still in court case. When no judicial, judge can cited some theory in Institutional writings. But it has less authority than legislation and judicial precedent简答1解释习俗惯例的概念在苏格兰法中的角色Common law is behaviors that approved by people for a long time and therefore obtain the force of law. It is unwritten law. AS a social norm, custom has the character in both mandatory and habitual. Custom is another source of Scots law used seldom nowadays. 2解释授权立法的概念Delegated legislation is made up of orders, rules and regulations that made by organizations lower authority than parliament. The organizations making it must be given power by parliament. 3解释合同的要素五个Judge if there exist legally binding contract. It has to match with five essential elements. The first is agreement, it is a series of behavior to finish a contract, and it contains offer and acceptance. The second is at least two contract parties, to setup a contract there must be at least two contract parties, one to give offer another to acceptance. The third is legal obligation, it represent there are some actual benefits and loss occurred under the contract. The fourth is consensus ad idem, it represent parties of contract reach a consensus on specific. People can fully understand a contr

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