Module 14 Ergo Principles教材.pptVIP

TASK ANALYSIS Task analysis is one of the basic elements in a comprehensive ergonomics program. A good job analysis can be used for a variety of purposes, including the following: Improving productivity (finding ways to “work smarter, not harder”) Eliminating “human” error Improving employee satisfaction Preventing Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD’s) JOB IMPROVEMENTS S urvey A nalyze  F ocus  E liminate  The goals of this first stage are to answer these questions:Do we have a problem in our workplace?Where are the problem areas?Which problems do we tackle first? JOB IMPROVEMENTS S urvey A nalyze  F ocus  E liminate Results from each of thePrevious surveys should beanalyzed to determinepriorities.Each can provide a perspective on the total picture. Attention can then be focused on critical areas, one job or task at a time. Principle 11 - Enhance Clarity and Understanding cont.. DESIGN FOR EXPECTATIONSTo reduce errors when interacting with controls and displays, use “stereotypes”and standardizations. A stereotype is an expectation of what you think is supposed to happen when you activate a control. Common examples are: a. Flipping a switch up to turn a device on  b. Moving a lever forward to make a device go faster Use a “standard” in situations that have no clear stereotype. A standard is often arbitrarily set, but then Is always used once set. Common examples of standardization displays are: a. Red for stop b. Telephone buttons c. Clocks d. Computer keyboard Principle 12 - Improve Work Organization Making work user-friendly includes more than just focusing on physical issues such as proper heights and good lighting. Improvements can also be made in the system in which your work is organized.Options to enhance your workorganization and reduce stress are to: 1. PLANAnticipate, think ahead and prepare. Thinkof ways to avoid the stress of hurry-up-waitsituations. Balance the flow of