The neck(Part 1) 《局部解剖学》教材.ppt

The neck (Part I); Objectives:;Section 1 Introduction of Neck;;I. Boundaries:;2. Lateral region of neck;颈部的分区;III. Surface Anatomy;IV. Surface projection;Section 2The superficial structures and cervical fascia;Ⅰ. The superficial structure;2. Superficial fascia;(1) Superficial vein;(2) Cutaneous nerves;Ⅱ. The cervical fascia（3 layers）;It is also called enveloping fascia or the investing fascia. Encloses trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, posterior belly of digastric and parotid and submandibular glands.;2. Pretracheal layer;3. Prevertebral layer;The loose connective tissues are packed between these layers and the organs of the neck to form the spaces.;1. Suprasternal space;1. Suprasternal space;2. Pretracheal space;咽后间隙 Lies between prevertebral layer and buccopharyngeal fascia ;椎前间隙 Lies between prevertebral muscles, cervical part of vertebral column and prevertebral layer.;Section 3The anterior region and the sternocleidomastoid region;Boundaries The area occupied and covered by sternocleidomastoid. ;Ⅰ.The sternocleidomastoid region;1. Ansa cervicalis;2. Carotid sheath;3. Sympathetic trunk in the neck;Ⅱ. Suprahyoid region;1. Submental triangle;2. Submandibular triangle;2. Submandibular triangle;Remove any remaining skin in the neck region and expose the platysma.;Reflect the platysma superiorly to expose the superficial veins and cutaneous nerves of the neck at the surface of sternocleidomastoid. ;Cut off the originate of sternocleidomastoid and reflect it laterally to expose the structure deep to it.;Identify the triangles of the neck and clean the strap muscles and reflect them to expose the ansa cervicalis. ;Open the carotid sheath to expose the associated vessels and nerves.;Open the submental and submandibular region and expose the contents of them.;Summary: