Unit 5 New Developments in Iron Making_冶金专业英语教程文件.ppt

;Unit 5  New Developments in Iron Making ;Part I Reading and Comprehensiontextpractice part II Translation skills;During the past century, many efforts were made to develop processes for producing iron for steelmaking that could serve as alternatives to the conventional blast furnace. This chapter presents a review of the alternative processes that have achieved some measure of commercial success.;1.Direct reduction technology In the history of iron and steelmaking technology, the first process is the direct reduction process. The blast furnace takes the place of the direct reduction process, which is the great improvement in the metallurgical technology. With the development of iron and steel industry, coke, on which blast furnace have depended for over 200 years, is becoming more expensive every year, and supplies of suitable coking coals are becoming scarcer. The direct reduction process was brought back at the end of the eighteenth century.;Midrex furnace has developed into a main production form of direct reduction processes, since the first steel plant was built and went into production in 1969.The largest Midrex furnace has an annual capacity of 800,000 ton. The main components of the process are the shaft furnace, the gas reformer, and the cooling-gas system. Reducing gas enters the reducing furnace through a bustle pipe at the bottom of the reduction zone and flows countercurrent to the descending solids. ;The charge solids flow continuously into the top of the furnace through seal legs. The reduction furnace is designed for uniform mass movement of the burden by gravity feed, through the preheating, reduction, and cooling zones of the furnace. The cooled DRI is continuously discharged through seal legs at the bottom of the furnace. Cooling gases flow countercurrent to the burden in the cooling zone of the shaft furnace. The reducing top gas flows from an outlet pipe into the top-gas scrubber where it is cooled and the scrubber removes its