商业决策技术知识课件 12Quantitative Methods For Decision Makers Chapter 12 Stock control.pptVIP

* * Quantitative Methods For Decision MakersThird Edition Chapter 12 Stock control Learning Objectives By the end of this chapter you should be able to: Understand the stock-control problem Be able to identify the major stock costs Understand the simple EOQ model Be aware of the MRP and JIT approaches to stock control Business scenario A company specializes in the maintenance and repair of business PC systems. The company can purchase a super VGA card from its supplier at ￡100 each and for the coming 12 months 250 cards will be needed. Order cost is ￡50. Costs involved in stock control Order costs Purchase cost Holding costs(￡15) Stockout costs The stock-control decision D: the annual demand for the item Co:the cost of placing each order Ch: the cost of holding an item for one year Q: the size of the order to be placed If Q=10, total order cost=? total holding cost=? If Q=250, total order cost=? total holding cost=? Assumptions of the EOQ model Demand is known for certain; Demand is constant over time; Orders are received as soon as they are made; A stock order is made when existing stock levels reach zero; The order quantity remains constant over time; All costs are constant. Incorporating lead time Lead time :the time we have to wait for the delivery after the order is made. R=d*L R is the reorder level; d is the demand per time period; L is the number of periods of lead time. *