浸入式超滤膜处理净水厂生产废水的分析-analysis on treatment of wastewater from water purification plant by immersion ultrafiltration membrane.docx

不同浊度形成的膜阻力确定。当进水浊度小于 70NTU 时，膜阻力以膜自身阻力 为主，最高占总阻力的 57% ，滤饼层阻力几乎可以忽略，气洗强度为 65L/(m2.h)；当进水浊度在 70-232NTU 之间时，膜阻力中滤饼阻力和膜自身阻 力并重，两者合占总阻力的 85%，气洗强度为 143L/(m2.h) 。当进水浊度大于 232NTU 时，膜阻力以滤饼阻力为主，占总阻力的 51% ，气洗强度为 190L/(m2.h)。考察了不同混凝剂对出水有机物去除以及减缓膜污染效果的影响。在有机 物去除方面， PAC 铝盐 铁盐，当 PAC 投加量为 30mg/L 时，去除率达 84.7%；在减缓膜污染方面，铝盐、铁盐和 PAC 对膜通量衰减速度：铁盐铝盐PAC，当 FeCl3 投加量为 15mg/L 时，通量衰减速率最缓，比不添加混凝剂的 衰减速度减缓了 43%。采用蒙特卡罗法，以系统出水颗粒数为指标，对出水健康安全风险进行了 分析和评价。结果显示，出水中颗粒数在五个不同范围内的分布均符合对数正 态分布函数，参数分别为（11,6）、（46,9）、（87,16）、（529,91）、（800,85)。出水 颗粒数小于 20 个/mL 时，50%的累积概率风险值在 10-6 数量级，低于最大可接 受年风险水平一个数量级，健康安全风险值低；出水颗粒数在 30-60 个/mL 之 间时，与最大可接受年风险水平处于同一数量级，超过最大可接受年风险的累 积概率为 17.64%，健康安全风险值适中；当出水中颗粒数量在 60-120 个/mL 时，超过最大可接受年风险的累积概率为 89.01%，健康安全风险值高；出水颗 粒数量在 300 个/mL 以上时，终生健康风险值在 10-2 级，高出最大可接受风险 两个数量级，健康风险值极高，应及时对膜丝进行修补。关键词：净水厂生产废水；超滤；健康安全评价；膜污染AbstractUnder the background of stricter standard for drinking water quality, conventional water treatment process can hardly reach an satisfied effect for the reuse of production wastewater of waterworks, especially the health safety risk caused by accumulation of microorganism. As a highly effective process for turbidity and bacteria removal, membrane technology is gaining much closer attention and broader field of application. As for the treatment of production wastewater in waterworks, it is in the early stage and needs further study. External pressure submerged UF technology was adopted to purify wastewater generated during the water treatment process. Operational efficiency and optimal parameters, influence of the wastewater on both filtration and backwash mode were discussed before extended air-water backwash mode put forward. Based on wastewater quality, composition and formation of membrane fouling were studied; effects of operational condition, pretreatment and chemical backwash on membrane fouling control were analyzed. The evaluation of health and safety risk of effluent under broken membrane fiber and an optimum scheme could provide theoretical and technical suppo