宽负载特性zvzcs tl dcdc变换器的研究-research on zvzcs tl dcdc converter with wide load characteristics.docx
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宽负载特性zvzcs tl dcdc变换器的研究-research on zvzcs tl dcdc converter with wide load characteristics
摘要三电平 DC/DC 变换器以其优良的性能在通信电源、功率因数校正、船 舶、高速电气铁路、城市轨道交通等领域获得了日益广泛的应用。但同时它 也有滞后桥臂零电压开关范围窄、变压器副边存在占空比丢失、原边电流回 零速度慢、变压器副边整流后存在电压过冲等缺点。本文针对这些缺点,提 出了一种宽负载特性零电压零电流开关三电平 DC/DC 变换器,解决了上述 问题,并实现了变换器开路时的软开关,使其可应用于弧焊电源等经常运行 在开路状态而不能停机的场合。新型拓扑在分压电容中点和三电平桥臂中点之间增加了辅助变压器,借 助辅助变压器原边励磁电流完成对三电平桥臂开关管结电容的充放电,实现 了空载时的零电压开关;同时辅助变压器为钳位电容提供能量,将钳位电压 维持在较高水平,反射到原边后使电流迅速回零,从而实现两电平桥臂开关 管的零电流开关。与传统零电流开关变换器相比,新型拓扑具有原边电流回 零速度快、副边不存在电压过冲的优点,解决了占空比丢失、原边环流、寄 生振荡等问题,提高了变换器的效率,拓展了其应用范围。详细分析了新型拓扑在三电平模式和两电平模式下的工作模态,给出了 零电压零电流开关实现的条件。在此基础上,对主电路器件进行了选型,并 设计了驱动电路、保护电路。同时根据控制策略完成了基于 TMS320F2812DSP 的数字控制系统的设计。 建立了新型拓扑的离散数学建模,在模型基础上对变换器的工作特性进行了混沌分析,给出了变换器稳定工作的参数范围;指出了变换器存在的混 沌现象,并用 Matlab 绘制了输出电压跟随控制参数而产生的分岔图,并给 出了 Lyapunov 指数谱,验证了新型拓扑的混沌现象。最后用 PSpice 进行了仿真,初步验证了新型拓扑的可行性,并对实验 样机参数进行了优化,在此基础上搭建了实验样机,给出了样机实验波形, 实验波形和理论分析相符,验证了新型拓扑的可行性。并对实验样机的性能 指标进行了测试,各项指标均满足设计要求。关键词 三电平变换器;零电压零电流开关;宽负载;混沌分析AbstractThree-Level (TL) DC/DC converter is widely used in the fields of communication power, power factor correction (PFC), watercraft, rapid-electrical railway and city track traffic etc. because of its excellent performance. But it has several drawbacks, such as narrow zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) load rang of the lagging leg, duty ratio loss of the transformer’s secondary side, large circulating current and voltage-surge of the output rectifier. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a zero-voltage and zero-current-switching (ZVSZCS) TL DC/DC converter with wide load range character is proposed. It not only solves the above problems, but also achieves soft-switching with no load. So it can be used in the fields which usually operate with no load,such as arc-welding power, etc.The new topology uses auxiliary transformer between the midpoint of voltage-dividing capacitor and the midpoint of TL lag. The magnetizing current charges and discharges the junction-capacitors of TL lag and it achieves ZVS with no load. At the same time, the auxiliary transformer provides energy for clamping-capacitor and keeps the clamping-voltag
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