类氖氩46.9nm和69.8nm激光产生机理的理论和实验研究-theoretical and experimental study on the mechanism of neon-like argon laser generation at 46.9 nm and 69.8 nm.docxVIP
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类氖氩46.9nm和69.8nm激光产生机理的理论和实验研究-theoretical and experimental study on the mechanism of neon-like argon laser generation at 46.9 nm and 69.8 nm
摘要X 射线激光是一种波长很短的激光。自 1994 年美国 Rocca 小组首次采用毛 细管放电装置获得 46.9nm 软 X 射线激光以来,毛细管放电泵浦产生 X 射线激 光方案引起了越来越多的重视,世界上各个小组也都相继获得了 46.9nm 激光输 出。2011 年本课题组在国际上首次获得了类氖氩 69.8nm 的新波长激光输出。 目前对 69.8nm 激光的研究还比较少。本文从理论和实验两方面对类氖氩 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光开展了相关研究。理论方面,介绍了毛细管放电软 X 射线激光产生的电子碰撞激发机理。采 用 Cowan 物理程序计算了产生 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光的类氖氩原子参数,最终 得到了跃迁波长、自发辐射系数、振子强度、电子碰撞激发速率系数和消激发 速率系数等参数。采用这些参数,建立了速率方程组,求解了准稳态时的能级 粒子数布居和增益,并研究了反转粒子数和增益随电子密度和电子温度的变化 关系。实验装置方面,介绍了实验装置的组成部分以及工作原理。为了使实验装 置更好地运行,对装置进行了完善。对预主脉冲电源隔离电感的结构进行了重 新设计,实现了更好的隔离效果,更换了探测系统的同轴电缆,实现了更好的 抗干扰效果。实验方面,研究了不同电流下 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光强度随毛细管初始 Ar 气气压的变化规律。在 8.4kA~15.8kA 范围内改变主脉冲电流幅值,得到了一系 列不同电流下激光强度随气压的变化规律,并与理论计算进行了比较。实验获 得了不同电流下 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光的出光气压范围和最佳气压,比较不同 电流下的实验结果,分析了适合 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光输出的实验条件并比较 两者的不同,为以后在实验室更好地获得 46.9nm 和 69.8nm 激光提供参考。关键词:X 射线激光;毛细管放电;类氖氩;原子参数;最佳实验条件- I -AbstractX-ray laser is the laser which has a very short wavelength. Since Rocca and his colleagues in US firstly realized capillary discharge Ne-like Ar 46.9nm soft X-ray laser in 1994,the capillary discharge scheme gets more and more attention. There has been many other research groups succeed in achieving 46.9nm soft X -ray laser. In 2011,we reported a new wavelength of 69.8nm soft X-ray laser. In this paper,the 46.9nm and 69.8nm laser are studied from theory and experiment.In theory, the mechanism of Electron impact excitation is introduced. Atomic parameters related to 46.9nm and 69.8nm X-ray laser are computed with Cowan Physics Code,such as the wavelength of transition, radiative transition rate, oscillator strength, electron excitation(deexcitation) rata coefficient and so on. After that, the rate equations for population of these levels is established. By solving the rate equations,level populations and gain coefficient are gotten. Furthermore,the level populations and gain coefficient over electron density and electron temperature are investigated.The composition and working principles of experimental device are introduced. To make the device run bett
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